-Corn is a nitrogen-intensive crop, and the use of management practices such as inoculation of the seed with diazotrophic bacteria, which can maximize crop productivity and reduce the need of nitrogen fertilizers, may result in lower production costs. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of inoculation of corn seed with Azospirillum brasilense and controlled addition of nitrogen to topdressing on the nutrition, production components, and productivity of crop grain. The experimental design was a randomized block design, with four replications in a 2 × 5 factorial scheme. The treatments consisted of inoculation or not of corn seed with A. brasilense (at 100 mL per 25 kg of seed) and five nitrogen (N) levels in topdressing (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 kg N ha -1 from urea [45% N]) were applied when the corn was in the phenological growth stage V6. Foliar macronutrients, foliar chlorophyll index (FCI), production components, and yield of corn grain were valuated. Inoculation of corn seeds with A. brasilense increased plant height and grain yield. Fertilization in topdressing, with N levels up to 120 kg ha -1 , linearly increased the foliar nutrients and productivity of corn cultivated in the spring/summer in the low-altitude Cerrado region of Brazil.Keywords: Azospirillum brasilense. Zea mays. nitrogen. no-tillage system. INOCULAÇÃO DE BACTÉRIA DIAZOTRÓFICA E ADUBAÇÃO NITROGENADA DECOBERTURA EM MILHO IRRIGADO RESUMO -O milho é uma cultura exigente em nitrogênio e a utilização de práticas de manejo como a inoculação das sementes com bactérias diazotróficas, poderão maximizar a produtividade da cultura, atrelados a redução do uso de adubos nitrogenados, podendo refletir em menor custo de produção. O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito da inoculação de sementes de milho com Azospirillum brasilense e adição controlada de nitrogênio em cobertura sobre a nutrição, componentes da produção e produtividade de grãos da cultura. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições, em esquema fatorial 2 x 5. Os tratamentos foram constituídos pela inoculação ou não das sementes do milho com A. brasilense (dose de 100 mL para 25 kg de sementes) e cinco doses de nitrogênio (N) em cobertura (0, 30, 60, 90 e 120 kg N ha -1 fonte ureia [45% N]) foram aplicadas quando o milho estava no estádio fenológico V6. Teores de macronutrientes foliares, o índice de clorofila foliar (FCI), os componentes da produção e a produtividade de grãos do milho foram avaliados. Constatou-se que a inoculação das sementes de milho com A. brasilense incrementou a altura de plantas e a produtividade de grãos. A adubação em cobertura, com a dose de até 120 kg N ha -1 , aumentou linearmente os teores nutricionais foliares e a produtividade de grãos do milho irrigado cultivado na primavera/ verão na região de Cerrado de baixa altitude do Brasil.Palavras-chave: Azospirillum brasilense. Zea mays. nitrogênio. sistema plantio direto.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen (N) fertilization doses with and without inoculation of seeds with Azospirillum brasilense in fall corn intercropped with Urochloa brizantha cv. Xaraés over the nutrition, the production and yield components of the corn crop, and the dry matter yield and crude protein levels of xaraés grass under irrigation in the Cerrado region. The experiment had a completely randomized block design with four replications in a 2 × 5 factorial scheme. The treatments consisted in inoculating or not the corn seeds with A. brasilense and five N doses (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1 N). The inoculation of corn seeds with A. brasilense in intercropping with xaraés grass in the fall season increases nutrition, height growth of plants and corn production components, however, without effect on grain yield. Corn plants from seeds inoculated with A. brasilense lead to a lower production of dry mass of xaraés grass in intercropping. Nitrogen fertilization in the cover layer linearly increases the crude protein content of the xaraés grass up to the dose of 120 kg ha-1 N.
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