Background: Diabetes Mellitus is one of the systemic causes of secondary burning mouth syndrome. Burning sensation in diabetic patients has been attributed to poor glycemic control and regional neuropathy. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is the most common microvascular chronic complication of diabetes, affecting almost half of the diabetic population. Aim: To assess the frequency of burning mouth syndrome in type 2 diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy. Methods: A total number of 250 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosed clinically with peripheral neuropathy were recruited. Clinical examination was done to exclude any oral lesions. Oral complaints related to burning mouth syndrome including burning sensation, altered taste sensation, and xerostomia were recorded using dichotomous method. Results: The prevalence of burning mouth syndrome in type 2 diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy was 18.8%. About half of the of the participants (53.2%) had contributing local factors as fissured tongue, oral lichen planus and chronic candidiasis. There is a positive correlation between local factors and burning mouth syndrome, also there is a positive correlation between local factors and metabolic control (p.value<0.05). Conclusion: Burning mouth syndrome in patients with diabetic neuropathy is complicated. The contributing oral factors are associated with poor metabolic control. Good metabolic control should be achieved to prevent effects of hyperglycemia on oral mucosa, also to prevent further deterioration in neuropathic mechanism.
Background: AGEs are formed under oxidative conditions and are called advanced glycoxidation end products. Periodontitis is a multifactorial inflammatory condition. The periodontal tissue damage is caused directly by bacteria and indirectly by inflammation and immunologic response against the bacteria. This inflammatory response is characterized by generation of prolonged release of neutrophil proteolytic enzymes, pro-inflammatory mediators and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, periodontitis is strictly linked to numerous pathologies which are related to production of oxidative stress and AGEs. Methods:The study was conducted on thirty participants, they were divided into two groups; group (A) which included fifteen medically free subjects, and group (B) which included fifteen patients suffering from periodontitis. Serum and GCF samples were collected for assessment of AGEs before and after non -surgical periodontal therapy. Data were analysed by SPSS.Results: Periodontitis group showed statistically significant higher mean AGE levels than control group in both serum and GCF samples. Moreover, there was a statistically significant decrease in AGE levels in both serum and GCF after treatment. Conclusion:Crevicular level of AGEs can be used as a non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for periodontitis.
Introduction: Bullous Erosive Oral Lichen Planus (BEOLP) is a potentially malignant condition with high rate of transformation into Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC), and aiming to reduce the morbidity and mortality rate arising from OLP; the early diagnosis of oral cancer was recommended. Many biomarkers were found to be released into the serum and the saliva during the course of both diseases, BEOLP and OSCC. One of these proteins is visfatin.Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to evaluate salivary level of visfatin and to find out if it can be used instead of its serum level as an early diagnostic biomarker for patients with either BEOLP or OSCC. Subjects and Methods:The study was conducted on 3 groups; group (A) which included fifteen medically free subjects, group (B) which included fifteen patients suffering from BEOLP, and finally group (C) which included fifteen patients suffering from OSCC. Serum and salivary samples were collected and visfatin levels were measured using an ELISA kit (Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay). Data were analyzed by SPSS. Results:The present study detected no statistically significant difference between mean visfatin levels in BEOLP and OSCC groups; both showed statistically significantly higher mean levels than control group which showed the lowest mean visfatin level. It Also revealed a statistically significant positive (direct) correlation between serum and salivary visfatin levels (r = 0.835, P-value <0.001) i.e. an increase in serum level of visfatin is associated with an increase in salivary level of Visfatin.Conclusion: Salivary level of visfatin can be used instead of its serum level as a biomarker for BEOLP and OSCC.
Background: Literature studying the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among mucocutaneous disorders are limited. This study counted the frequency of oral manifestations among patients suffering from mucocutaneous disorders and assessed the effect of these oral manifestations on the OHRQoL using Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14). Methods:The study included adult patients diagnosed with either pemphigus vulgaris (PV), mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP), erythema multiforme (EM) or Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS). We documented patients with oral manifestations during the study and those with previous history. We measured the pain intensity using visual analogue scale (VAS) and OHRQoL by OHIP-14.Results: Frequencies of oral manifestations were 75%, 62.9%, 76.6% and 26.6%, respectively, among MMP, PV, SJS and EM patients.Patients who reported history of oral manifestations were 18.75%, 9.8%, 6.7% and 22.2%, correspondingly. The frequency of females exceeded the males in all the disorders. MMP patients were the older, while SJS patients were the youngest. EM patients scored the highest VAS score, followed by SJS, then PV and MMP. Concerning OHIP-14 scores, EM scores were the highest followed by SJS, then MMP and PV interchangeably. Conclusion:The frequency of oral manifestations was high among the studied disorders. Oral manifestations affected the OHRQoL severely, where EM and SJS are associated with the poorest OHRQoL.
To the Editor, Knowledge about systemic diseases is important to dentists in many aspects. One of these aspects is oral manifestations caused by systemic diseases. These oral manifestations can be an early indicator for the disease. Moreover, uncontrolled systemic condition can compromise oral health and quality of life. 1-4 Assessing awareness, knowledge, and behavior of dentists regularly is crucial to recognize their level of efficiency. Previous studies in Europe, the United States, and some Arabic countries have assessed knowledge and behavior of dental health care providers regarding oralsystemic health connections. 5-9 Nevertheless, we noticed scarcity in literature concerning assessment of the knowledge and behavior in relevance to oral manifestations of systemic diseases. As far as we know, no previous study has assessed Egyptian dentists' knowledge or behavior concerning oral-systemic health relationship. The current survey is the first to investigate the awareness of the effect of systemic diseases on oral health among a cohort of Egyptian dentists.
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