Der Abschluss einer Berufsausbildung ist für alle Jugendlichen eine sozialisationsrelevante Entwicklungsaufgabe. Für Jugendliche, die in Heimen leben, ist dieser Entwicklungsschritt besonders anforderungsreich. Im Artikel werden Ergebnisse einer qualitativ-explorativen Studie präsentiert, welche die Perspektive von Jugendlichen und Sozialpädagog*innen berücksichtigt. Im Zentrum stehen die Herausforderungen bei der Berufswahl, bei der Suche nach einem Ausbildungsplatz sowie die Unterstützung durch die Institutionen der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass der Einstieg in eine Ausbildung auf Sekundarstufe II für Jugendliche in Heimen mit einer Reihe von spezifischen Herausforderungen verbunden ist, sie aber auch vielfältige Unterstützung durch die Sozialpädagog*innen erhalten.
Although, foster care is relatively widespread in Switzerland, the professional transition planning of the transfer of decision-making abilities, after the foster children attain the age of majority, is a topic, which has rarely been taken into account so far. However, it is important that transition planning, including all administrative, transfer of decision-making abilities, and guardianship processes, should begin at least one year before the age of majority (the age of consent in Switzerland is 18). Even so, professional transition planning is barely standardised and institutionalised yet. In this practice-based research study the current situation and the perception of the relevant groups, the need of the practice, and foster families have been analysed. Therefore, qualitative data collection methods have been used to focus on a multi-perspective approach, including that on foster parents and social workers at official municipality-level. Several relevant topics and aspects, such as applicable administrative tasks or residential issues, which are considered to be of particular relevance and therefore have to be addressed during the transition planning process, have been found. Moreover, important emotional and social aspects were identified.
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