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Due to the competitive growth on the crystal face of seed, it is always difficult to control the morphology of the formation of nanoparticles precisely by a seed-mediated growth method.

Contrast to the polydisperse nanorods formed by common seed-mediated growth method without the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) in seed solution, we successfully obtained silver nanoparticles with different morphologies in the same reaction system by addition of CTAB in the seed solution. In this work, an appropriate amount of CTAB was added into the solution to prepare silver seed crystals. The results show that the aging time of silver seeds have a great influence on the sizes and morphologies of silver nanoparticles and thus the shape-controllable silver nanoparticles can be easily achieved by simply changing the seed aging time. The results also support that the selective adsorption ability or adsorption behavior of TSC can be adjusted by adding CTAB in the preparation procedure of silver seeds. We suggest that different aging times generate different effects on the competitive adsorption between CTAB and citrate to induce the orientation growth of silver seeds. As a result, silver nanospheres, nanorods, and triangular nanoplates can be easily prepared in the same system. In addition, we overcome the time limitation about the use of the seeds by adding CTAB into seed solution and make the synthesis of silver or other metal nanoparticles with different morphologies more easily and more efficiently. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s11671-019-2898-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.