Mountain flood disasters in China’s southeastern coastal watershed are not predictable and are sudden. With rapid urbanization and development in the middle and lower reaches of the region, the accumulation of wealth and population has magnified the flood risk. Exploring flood numerical simulation technology suitable for the rapid economic development of mountainous basins, effective flood models are the key tools for controlling and mitigating flood disasters. In this paper, we established a 1D/2D real-time dynamic coupling hydraulic model, aimed at exploring the applicability of the model in flood simulation of mountainous river basins with rapid economic development. The Luojiang River Basin (Huazhou Section) in Guangdong Province was used as the case study. The model’s ability was validated against the 22 July 2010 and 14 August 2013 inundation events that occurred there. The simulation results show that the output of the flood model is highly similar to the observation and survey results of historical flood events. The research results prove that the 1D/2D coupling model is not only an applicable tool for exploring flood spread characteristics such as flood range, velocity, depth, arrival time, and duration, but also can feed back the impact of water conservancy projects such as dikes on flood spread in the basin. It is of great significance to effectively guide the comprehensive design and management of subsequent wading projects in mountain river basins, and to improve flood prevention and disaster reduction capabilities in mountain areas.
With climate change leading to sea level rise and the frequent occurrence of extreme weather events, extreme flood disasters occur frequently in coastal cities, especially under the combined influence of heavy rainfall, fluvial floods, and storm surges. Compound floods from multiple sources are prone to superimposing effects, greatly aggravating the flooding. In addition, the influence of anthropogenic activities such as man-made flood control projects in coastal regions also need exploring. With Ling River Basin in the eastern coastal area of China as the case study, this study investigated the impacts of natural and human drivers on the spatio-temporal distribution of extreme floods based on a 1D-2D coupled hydrodynamic model. The hydrodynamic model was calibrated and validated based on historical flood events, then validated model was further used to reproduce the devastating flooding of Typhoon Lekima in 2019. Results show that the model has great capability and accuracy in simulating both the flood occurrence process and its inundation extent under natural and anthropogenic influence. It also indicates that the huge amount of discharge from the upper reaches of the Ling River was the main driver that caused the catastrophic consequences. Comparatively, the failure of flood protection measures (FPM), which was a human driver, aggravated the influence of floods in local regions. By assessing the individual and superimposed effects of natural and human drivers on flooding is helpful to enhance the resilience of flooded coastal areas.
With climate change leading to sea level rise and the frequent occurrence of extreme weather events, extreme flood disasters occur frequently in coastal cities, especially under the combined influence of heavy rainfall, fluvial floods, and storm surges. Compound floods from multiple sources are prone to superimposing effects, greatly aggravating the flooding. In addition, the influence of anthropogenic activities such as man-made flood control projects in coastal regions also need exploring. With Ling River Basin in the eastern coastal area of China as the case study, this study investigated the impacts of natural and human drivers on the spatio-temporal distribution of extreme floods based on a 1D- 2D coupled hydrodynamic model. The hydrodynamic model was calibrated and validated based on historical flood events, then validated model was further used to reproduce the devastating flooding of Typhoon Lekima in 2019. Results show that the model has great capability and accuracy in simulating both the flood occurrence process and its inundation extent under natural and anthropogenic influence. It also indicates that the huge amount of discharge from the upper reaches of the Ling River was the main driver that caused the catastrophic consequences. Comparatively, the failure of flood protection measures (FPM), which was a human driver, aggravated the influence of floods in local regions. By assessing the individual and superimposed effects of natural and human drivers on flooding is helpful to enhance the resilience of flooded coastal areas.
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