Scope Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a multifaceted and recurrent immune disorder that requires long‐term potent pharmacological treatment. Honey, as a natural food of nourishment and pharmaceutical value, has been found to defend against colitis. Methods and results The effects of different constituents in honey are investigated on DSS‐induced colitis in rats. Rats are given DSS, sugars, honey, polyphenols, or SASP for a week, with blood and colon samples collected for the biochemical parameters and inflammation‐related gene analysis and colon contents for gut microbiota. The results show that pretreatments with honey polyphenols significantly improve SOD, GSH‐Px, NO, and MPO levels and reduce DSS‐induced colonic apoptosis, the colonic inflammatory cytokines IL‐6, TNF‐α, and TGF‐β1 accompanied by downregulation of IL‐1β, IL‐6, TNF‐α, and IFN‐γ gene and upregulation of IκB‐α gene. Furthermore, honey polyphenols and SASP show similar microbial community structure shifts and selective enrichment of key species. At the genus level, honey polyphenols significantly reduce the population of Bacteroides, Corynebacterium, and Proteus species. The correlation analysis indicates that colonic gene expression regulated by honey polyphenols is relative to the key species of gut microbiota. Conclusions Honey polyphenols improve intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress resistance via modulating gut microbiota, which is conducive to revealing the host–microbe interactions.

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Investigating landslide deformation patterns in different evolution stages is important for understanding landslide movement. Translational landslides generally slide along a relatively straight surface of rupture. Whether the post-failure spatiotemporal deformation for certain translational landslides follows the pre-failure pattern remains untested. Here, the pre- and post-failure spatiotemporal deformations of the Simencun landslide along the Yellow River in 2018 were analyzed through multi-temporal remote sensing image analysis, Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) deformation monitoring and intensive field investigations. The results show that the pre- and post-failure spatial deformations both follow a retrogressive failure pattern. The long time series of the displacement before and after failure is characterized by obvious seasonal and periodic stage acceleration movements. Effective rainfall played an important role in the increase of the displacement acceleration, and the change in temperature might have accelerated the displacement. Finally, there is a possibility that the post-failure spatiotemporal deformation pattern of translational landslides does follow the pre-failure pattern when certain conditions are satisfied. The results are of great significance to improving our understanding of the spatiotemporal deformation pattern of landslides and to post-failure risk prevention and control.

Honey-extracted polyphenols increased the serum antioxidant capacity and altered the metabolic phenotype.

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Rainfall-induced shallow landslides are widespread throughout the world, and vegetation is frequently utilized to control them. However, in recent years, shallow landslides have continued to frequently occur during the rainy season on the vegetated slopes of the Loess Plateau in China. To better probe this phenomenon, we considered vegetation cover in the sensitivity analysis of landslide hazards and used the transient rainfall infiltration and grid-based regional slope stability (TRIGRS) model to quantitatively describe the impacts of different types of vegetation cover on slope stability. Based on the rainfall information for landslide events, the spatiotemporal distributions of the pore water pressure and the factor of safety of the vegetated slopes were inverted under the driving changes in the soil properties under different vegetation types, and the average prediction accuracy reached 79.88%. It was found that there was a strong positive correlation between the cumulative precipitation and the proportion of landslide-prone areas in woodland covered by tall trees, grassland covered by shrubs and grasses, and cultivated land. The highest landslide susceptibility, which has the greatest potential to hasten the occurrence of rainfall-induced landslides, is found in woodland with tall trees. Therefore, this paper proposes the promoting relationship between vegetation and landslide erosion, which provides a new scientific perspective on watershed management to prevent shallow landslide disasters and manage and develop watershed vegetation.