Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) occurs when the heart is unable to pump the blood to fulfill body's need of blood related to tissue metabolism. Electrical activity of the heart is the state in which the heart has to pump the blood and to contract, triggered by an action potential that spreads through the membrane of muscle cells. Electrocardiogram (ECG) is generated by the electrical activity of the heart muscle. It is a recording of a heart condition obtained by placing electrodes on the body. This study aimed to describe the heart electrical activity of patients with congestive heart failure. This was a retrospective descriptive study. The population was all patients hospitalized in Irina F Cardiac Department of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. Samples were ECG recordings of all patients with CHF hospitalized at Irina F Cardiac Department of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado during Desember 2012-January 2013. The results showed that hypertensive heart disease (HHD) was the most frequent cause of CHF (45.5%). Meanwhile, CHF due to old myocardial infarction (OMI) was rare (18.2%). Conclusion: The most common cause of CHF among hospitalized patients at Irina F Cardiac Department of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado was HHD. ECG of patients with CHF et causa HHD showed an overview of normal heart rhythm and tachycardia, PR interval and a normal QRS complex, left axis deviation, ST segment elevation, depression on different leads, and pathological Q.Keywords: congestive heart failure, electrical activity, electroCardiogramAbstrak: Gagal jantung kongestif atau congestive heart failure (CHF) terjadi bila jantung tidak dapat memompakan darah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan darah dalam tubuh untuk metabolisme jaringan. Aktivitas listrik jantung yaitu keadaan dimana jantung dapat memompa darah, jantung harus berkontraksi yang dicetuskan oleh potensial aksi yang menyebar melalui membran sel-sel otot. Elektrokardiogram (EKG) adalah suatu sinyal yang dihasilkan oleh aktifitas listrik otot jantung. EKG ini merupakan rekaman informasi kondisi jantung yang diambil dengan memasang elektroda pada badan seseorang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran aktivitas listrik jantung pada pasien gagal jantung kongestif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif retrospektif. Populasi ialah semua pasien rawat inap di Irina F Jantung RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Sampel ialah rekaman EKG semua pasien dengan diagnosis gagal jantung kongestif di Irina F Jantung RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado selama bulan Desember 2012- Januari 2013. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa penyebab gagal jantung kongestif yang terbanyak ialah hypertensive heart disease (HHD) (45,5%), dan yang paling sedikit ialah old myocardial infarction (OMI) (18,2%). Simpulan: Penyebab terbanyak gagal jantung kongestif pada pasien rawat inap di Irina F-Jantung RSUP Prof. Kandou Manadoialah HHD. EKG pada pasien CHF et causa HHD memberikan gambaran irama jantung yang normal dan juga takikardi, interval PR dan kompleks QRS normal, aksis deviasi kekiri, elevasi dan depresi segmen ST pada sadapan yang berbeda, dan Q patologik.Kata kunci:gagal jantung kongestif, aktivitas listrik jantung, elektrokradiogram
Trichiasis is a condition of abnormal growth of eyelashes that results in scraping of the eyelashes on the corneal surface; therefore, ulceration or abrasion of the corneal can occur. One of the causes of trichiasis is entropion that can occur involutionally due to aging process. This study was aimed to obtain the correlation between incidence of corneal abrasion and trichiasis due to entropion. This was a prospective and analytical study. Subjects were elderly people at Panti Werdha Senja Cerah (nursing home) and elderly patients who visited the North Sulawesi Province Eye Hospital during September to November 2019. The result showed that there were 30 subjects with involutional entropion that reached the peak at interval of 75-79 years old. Elderly females were predominant as many as 20 people (67%). Corneal abrasion was found in 4 subjects (13%) with trichiasis due to entropion. The chi-square test of the correlation between trichiasis due to entropion and corneal abrasion obtain a p-value of 0.030 (p<0.05). In conclusion, there was a significant relationship between trichiasis due to entropion and the incidence of corneal abrasion.Abstrak: Trikiasis merupakan pertumbuhan abnormal dari bulu mata yang mengakibatkan penggesekan bulu mata pada kornea yang dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya ulserasi maupun abrasi kornea. Salah satu penyebab trikiasis ialah entropion, yang dapat terjadi secara involusional (senilis) akibat proses penuaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kejadian abrasi kornea dan trikiasis akibat entropion. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada orang lanjut usia di Panti Werdha Senja Cerah Paniki dan pasien yang berkunjung di UPTD Rumah Sakit Mata Provinsi Sulawesi Utara periode September-November 2019. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik prospektif. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 30 orang lanjut usia dengan entropion involusional disertai trikiasis. Insidensi entropion involusional mencapai puncaknya pada interval 75-79 tahun (26,27%) dan lebih banyak pada jenis kelamin perempuan (67%).. Kejadian abrasi kornea pada pasien dengan trikiasis akibat entropion sebanyak 4 orang (13%). Hasil uji chi-square terhadap hubungan antara trikiasis akibat entropion dan terjadinya abrasi kornea mendapatkan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,030 (p<0,05). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat hubungan bermakna antara trikiasis akibat entropion dan terjadinya abrasi kornea.
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