Context: Adverse drug reactions represent one of the leading causes of hospitalization and death. Aims: To characterize adverse reactions due to antibiotics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in outpatients over 18 years of age. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive observational study. It included outpatients aged 18 years or older who went to public health care centers and who presented a health problem, for which they were treated with antibiotics or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The information was collected through an adaptation of the adverse drug reaction (ADR) report format in outpatients. Results: A sample of 4,573 participants was obtained, of which 556 (12.4%) people presented adverse drug event, 550 ADR were detected by NSAIDs and antibiotics, of which, 51.4% (291) were classified according to Naranjo’s algorithm as probable, 37.8% (214) as possible and 8.0% (45) as defined. According to the Rawlins and Thompson classification the majority were type A with 413 (75.1%). The severity was mostly mild, with 471 (85.6%) and the manifestations of the digestive system predominated with 440 (80.0%). Conclusions: It is necessary to promote and strengthen pharmacovigilance activities, as well as the training and updating of health personnel in the detection of ADR, since in many cases these can be avoided, contributing to patient safety and the reduction of public spending on health, especially in low-income countries.
La presente investigación tuvo como finalidad medir el impacto de un Programa Ergonómico en la Productividad de una Empresa de Fabricación de Envases de Hojalata; para ello se empleó una metodología descriptiva y de carácter no experimental; donde la población estuvo conformada por los trabajadores del área de producción de la empresa de manufactura de envases el cual asciende a 30 trabajadores. En el presente estudio se analizaron a todos los trabajadores, por lo que no se aplicó un muestreo, sino que se realizó un censo. Los datos fueron recogidos a través de un instrumento basado en la metodología REBA la cual permitiría evaluar las posturas de los trabajadores mientras realizaban sus tareas diarias; así mismo se midió la productividad de las horas hombre con respecto a los niveles de producción en cada una de las líneas analizadas. Así mismo los resultados demostraron que los procesos seleccionados obtuvieron puntuaciones iniciales que oscilaban entre 11 y 12 según la escala determinada por el Método REBA. De la misma manera se demostró que la productividad de la mano de obra ascendía a un promedio de 339,7 láminas por hora hombre. Finalmente, también se pudo identificar que la puntuación REBA promedio se redujo de 11.5 puntos a 9,25 puntos. Se concluyó que el programa ergonómico impactaba en la productividad incrementándose la misma con respecto a la medición inicial pasando de 339,7 láminas por hora hombre a 346,3 láminas por horas hombre lo cual representa un incremento del 1,95%.
Context: Inappropriate self-medication is seen as a global public health concern. Without appropriate professional healthcare guidance, a variety of issues can arise with potentially serious consequences to one’s personal health. Aims: To describe self-medication in outpatients aged 18 years or over who attended public health care centers in Honduras. Methods: A sample of 4573 people was chosen using a cluster sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was applied. Study variables included: sociodemographic factors, frequency and reasons for self-medicating, kind of medicine and sources of acquisition. Results: With a minimum age of 18 years and a maximum age of 94 years, women predominated with 3340 (73.0%), originated from the department of Francisco Morazán with 1186 (25.9%) persons, primary complete in 1042 (22.8%) persons, and with a monthly household income of less than $171.41 in 1462 (32.0%) persons, 3035 (66.4%) people reported knowing what self-medication is, but 2365 (51.7%) of them were unaware of the consequences of self-medication and 2385 (52.2%) people used medications in the last three months without a prescription. Conclusions: The frequency of self-medication in the studied population shows the need to implement national prevention and promotion initiatives in the rational use of medicines, emphasizing the consequences of self-medication, as well as the creation of stricter surveillance and regulation policies in the sale of medicines.
Context: The poor storage practices in warehouses and pharmacies may lead to drug degradation. Aims: To analyze the Good Storage Practices for medicines in the warehouse and pharmacies of the Hospital Escuela of Tegucigalpa, Honduras. Methods: A mixed research was carried out using a qualitative-quantitative approach, non-experimental design, and descriptive cross-sectional scope. Semi-structured interviews were applied to warehouse and pharmacy staff using an instrument with dichotomous responses and a box for recording observations during visits. The facilities, storage, equipment, documentation, internal distribution, and the responsible staff in the warehouse and pharmacies were evaluated. Results: Giving the compliance percentages obtained were the following: facilities, 37%; storage, 59%; equipment, 42%; documentation, 63%; internal distribution, 61%; staff, 53%. Further, 77% of the areas where medicines were stored that did not need refrigeration were found within the permitted ranges of temperature and percentage of relative humidity. On the other hand, 85.71% of temperature measurements in refrigeration equipment were reported outside the permitted range. However, no drugs stored were found to be at risk of frostbite during the study. Conclusions: The Good Storage Practices at Hospital Escuela should be strengthened to reach a maximum level of compliance. Likewise, the processes of handling, conservation of the cold chain, and preservation of the medicine should be improved until it is dispensed to the patient.
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