Usos da terra e potencial de regeneração natural da vegetação nativa na bacia do rio Apeú, Castanhal, Pará Land Uses and Natural Regeneration Potential of Native Vegetation in the Apeú River Basin, Castanhal, Pará RESUMO: Este trabalho objetivou analisar o uso e cobertura da terra e o potencial da regeneração natural para a restauração florestal na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Apeú, localizada na Zona Bragantina, a mais antiga região de colonização da Amazônia. O estudo utilizou as técnicas de sensoriamento remoto e geoprocessamento para a classificação da imagem do sensor Landsat-8/OLI do ano 2017. O tratamento e análise dos dados, confecção e edição do mapa de uso e cobertura foram realizados no software ArcGis versão 10.1. As áreas com regeneração natural somam mais de 18%, considerando-se pasto sujo e vegetação secundária, e são consideradas áreas em processo de sucessão. Encontrou-se um pouco mais de 20% de áreas destinadas ao uso agropecuário e 20% de áreas com solo expostos, o que se deve à crescente urbanização. A análise na BHRA evidencia que as florestas primárias conservadas e degradadas dominam 47% do território da bacia. O percentual de vegetação secundária e pasto sujo indicam que a região possui médio potencial para a regeneração natural para fins de restauração.
Introduction: The study of herbivory is fundamental in ecology and includes how plants invest in strategies and mechanisms to reduce herbivore damage. However, there is still a lack of information about how the environment, plant density, and functional traits influence herbivory in aquatic ecosystems. Objective: To assess if there is a relationship between herbivory, environmental variables, and plant traits two species of Montrichardia, a neotropical aquatic plant. Methods: In September 2018, we studied 78 specimens of Montrichardia arborescens and 18 of Montrichardia linifera, in 18 sites in Melgaço, Pará, Brazil. On each site, we measured water depth, distance to the margin, and plant density. From plants, we measured plant height and leaf thickness, and photographed the leaves to calculate the specific leaf area and percentage herbivory. To identify anatomical structures, we collected fully expanded leaves from three individuals per quadrat. Results: For M. arborescens, plants with thicker leaves and higher specific leaf area have less herbivore damage. For M. linifera, plants from deeper sites and with thicker leaves had more herbivore damage, while plants that grew farther from the margin had less damage. We found anatomical structures related to defense, such as idioblast cells with phenolic compounds, and cells with solid inclusions that can contribute to avoiding severe damage. Conclusions: Herbivory in these Montrichardia species canbe explained by a combination of plant and environmental traits (patch isolation and water depth). The main plant traits are leaf thickness and area, but chemical compounds and solid inclusions also help Montrichardia to sustain less damage than other macrophytes.
The coastal region of the municipalities of Curuçá and Maracanã, on the northeastern coast of Pará, shelters a valuable biological heritage, the last two remnants of Dense Rain Forest on the shores of the Atlantic Ocean. On the Ipomonga Island (Curuçá) and at the Marieta Beach (Maracanã), the Lowland Dense Rain Forest is notable for its abrupt contact with the pioneer formation with marine influence, called as Restinga. This geomorphological interface favors floristic connectivity between different ecosystems. The research objective was to evaluate, through vegetation inventories, whether these forests remnants, about Lowland Dense Rain Forest, are sources of dispersal of woody species in Restinga. A total of 189 species were recorded in 50 botanical families with the greatest richness corresponds to the dense forest (67 species). Of this flora, 46 species (24%) were common to both vegetation typologies, with 18 species considered new occurrences in Restinga of the Amazonian coastal plains. The floristic affinities founded support the effect of Lowland Dense Rain Forest acting as the source for propagule dispersion over the pioneer formation with marine influence (Restinga), mostly dispersed by animals (zoocory).
-Garcinia madruno (Kunth) Hammel is a neotropical tree that naturally occurs in terra firme forests and is important as a source of income and medicine for Amazonian populations. This study describes and compares the morphoanatomical responses of plants under conditions of stress and normoxia. Young plants of Garcinia madruno were subjected to two water regimes: daily controlled irrigation and waterlogged for 84 days. Hypertrophic lenticels, adventitious roots and anatomical characteristics of the roots and leaves were evaluated on days 0, 21, 42, 63 and 84. There were no changes in leaf structure, but cracks and hypertrophic lenticels appeared on the stems, there was an increase in blackness of the roots and the plants formed adventitious roots to adapt to the flooded environment. The anatomical changes in the roots of the flooded plants were thickening of the exodermis in the main root and of the pericycle in the lateral roots, and a large increase in the amount of aerenchyma. Histochemical tests detected starch in the midrib, mesophyll, stem and root of flooded plants, and in the petiole of control plants. In the waterlogged plants, phenolic compounds were found in the petiole and alkaloids were found in the midrib, petiole and root. Termos para indexação: Amazon, bacurizinho, stress, fruit, histochemistry. MORFOANATOMIA DE Garcinia madruno (KUNTH) HAMMEL (CLUSIACEAE) SOB CONDIÇÕES DE ALAGAMENTORESUMO -Garcinia madruno (Kunth) Hammel, árvore neotropical, ocorre naturalmente em florestas de terra firme, considerada uma fonte de renda da população da Amazônia, além de sua importância medicinal do látex para curar diversas doenças. O estudo objetivou descrever e comparar as respostas morfoanatômicas das plantas estressadas e em condições de normoxia. Plantas jovens de Garcinia madruno foram submetidas a dois regimes hídricos: controle irrigado diariamente; e alagado, por 84 dias. Lenticelas hipertróficas, raízes adventícias e características anatômicas da raiz e da folha foram avaliados aos 0; 21; 42; 63 e 84 dias. Não foram observadas modificações na estrutura foliar, no caule surgiram rachaduras e lenticelas hipertróficas, aumento e enegrecimento das raízes, bem como o surgimento de raízes adventícias, como forma de adaptação ao ambiente alagado. As modificações anatômicas nas raízes de plantas alagadas foram o espessamento da exoderme na raiz principal e do periciclo na raiz lateral, além de grande quantidade de aerênquima. Os testes histoquímicos detectaram: amido: nervura central, mesofilo, pecíolo e raiz das plantas alagadas, bem como no pecíolo das controles; apenas nas alagadas foram observados compostos fenólicos no pecíolo e alcaloides: nervura central, pecíolo e raiz. Termos para indexação: Amazônia, bacurizinho, estresse, frutíferas, histoquímica.1 (Paper 089-16).
O presente artigo consiste no tratamento taxonômico das epífitas vasculares de Belém, Pará. A análise foi realizada em amostras provenientes de material botânico coletado e exsicatas dos herbários Museu Goeldi (MG) e Instituto Agronômico do Norte (IAN). O trabalho apresenta chave de identificação, descrições, distribuição geográfica, comentários e ilustrações das espécies. As epífitas vasculares estão representadas na área por seis famílias, 19 gêneros e 22 espécies. Orchidaceae foi a mais representativa, com 11 gêneros e 12 espécies. Codonanthe calcarata (Miq.) Hanst., Epiphyllum phyllanthus (L.) Haw., Notylia barkeri (Hook.) Lindl. e Orleanesia amazonica Barb. Rodr. são novos registros para Belém, e Aechmea aquilega (Salisb.) Griseb. é um novo registro para o estado do Pará. A flor foi o principal caractere para a separação das espécies, e a floresta de terra firme foi a formação vegetal que apresentou maior ocorrência de espécies.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.