Bioactivity of three plant species native to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest front of microcrustacean Artemia salina. This study aimed to carry out phytochemical and antioxidant properties, and assess, in vitro, the lethality of a leaf extract Trigynaea Schltdl oblongifolia Schltdl (Annonaceae), Ottonia frutescens Trel (Piperaceae), Bathysa australis (St Hill) Hooz (Rubiaceae) front of the microcrustaceans Artemia salina Leach. Extracts were prepared by soaking in 10% methanol (w/v) for seven days at room temperature. The antioxidant activity of extracts was determined by the stable radical DPPH method. The toxicity of the extracts was evaluated against the microcrustaceans A. saline. Extracts of O. frutescens and B. australis showed the following classes of secondary metabolites: Alkaloid, Anthraquinones, Coumarins, polyphenols (tannins), Saponin. The extracts from T. oblongifolia, besides the aforementioned metabolites the presence of flavonoids was detected. The antioxidant activity was observed in 30 minutes, the concentration 24 mg/mL of extract was: O. frutescens -38.3%, T oblongifolia -32.3%, and B. australis -32.1%. The lethal concentration, LC 50 , extracts of A. salina was: O. frutescens -149.75 ± 1.02 mg/mL, T. oblongifolia -148.8 ± 1.74 mg/mL, and B. australis -684 ± 9.04 mg/mL. In this context, we highlight the species, native to the Atlantic Forest, O. frutescens and T. oblongifolia great potential in bioprospecting of biologically active molecules.
RESUMONos últimos quinze anos, o número de cursos de Farmácia no Brasil aumentou em 81,8% na rede pública e 895,6% na rede privada. Esse imenso salto está relacionado diretamente a uma forte demanda por profissionais da área devido ao maior acesso aos medicamentos por parte da população. Além da forte concorrência, a evasão de alunos, possivelmente devido a insatisfações, se torna um fator vital para a sobrevivência do curso. O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar os possíveis pontos críticos de um curso de Farmácia, segundo a percepção discente. Foram aplicados 178 questionários para obtenção das percepções dos alunos quanto à importância e satisfação de 12 itens relacionados ao curso. Dentre os itens avaliados, podem ser citados: o mercado de trabalho, qualidade do corpo docente, qualidade dos laboratórios, didática dos professores, incentivo à pesquisa, dentre outros. Com base nos dados, foram obtidas as médias e erros-padrão de cada item de importância e satisfação, bem como o déficit de satisfação. Também foi apresentado um gráfico de dispersão envolvendo os itens a fim de identificar pontos críticos. Os critérios que apresentaram alta importância e baixa satisfação foram os itens: imagem institucional; incentivo à pesquisa; número de aulas práticas e o valor das mensalidades. O trabalho poderá contribuir para que seja feita uma análise crítica para melhoria do curso e redução da evasão.
Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) is recognized as the gold-standard procedure in bariatric surgery, although laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is becoming accepted as an appropriate technique in its own right. The purpose of our study was to compare the effectiveness of these two techniques with respect to weight reduction, remission of obesity-associated comorbidities and enhancement of quality of life after 12-month follow-up in a Brazilian setting. Our prospective observational cohort study involved 110 patients undergoing LRYGB and LSG at a hospital in southeast Brazil during the period August 2016-March 2017. Patients were assessed prior to and 12 months after intervention with respect to body mass index (BMI), the presence of comorbidities, and quality of life as determined by Short Form 36 Health Survey and World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaires. No significant differences were detected between LRYGB and LSG regarding reduction in BMI. Both procedures engendered positive impacts on the quality of life that were essentially similar, although the level of improvement was not necessarily associated with the degree of weight loss. Patients who had undergone LRGYB experienced a higher resolution of comorbidities, especially type 2 diabetes, than those who had received LSG. LSG is effective in achieving weight loss, resolving comorbidities and improving the quality of life, reinforcing the current tendency for its use as a stand-alone procedure in the surgical treatment of obesity. Keywords LRYGB. LSG. Quality of life. Obesity-associated comorbidities This article is part of the Topical Collection on Surgery
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