Two novel fluorescent theranostic agents, 1a and its dimethyl ester 2a, for detection and detoxification of mercury ion poisoning are developed.

A one-stone-two-birds strategy including simultaneous exploration of reactivity and tuning of the optical and electronic properties for BN-fused polycyclic aromatics through flexible regioselective functionalization engineering is presented.

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Ratiometric probes facilitate quantitative studies via self-calibration and are cherished for bioimaging. Often, a small probe-product spectral separation leads to crosstalk, but the rational development of ratiometric probes with zero probe-product crosstalk remains challenging. Harnessing the recent progress on photophysical modulation of xanthenoid fluorochromes, we propose a powerful and versatile probe design principle, that is, "bridging-group modification," and developed totalROX, a robust probe for monitoring the total cellular oxidative capacity. First, totalRox affirmatively detected the complete set of biorelevant highly oxidative species: per-acids (2 e − ), radicals (1 e − ), nitrosative (NO + ) species, and singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ). Nonoxidative or mildly oxidative pro-oxidants, for example, O 2• -, H 2 O 2 , NO, ONOO -, and ClOwere not detected. Second, the absorption/fluorescence maxima of the probe (total-ROX, λ abs /λ em = 425/525 nm) and the detection product (Ox670, λ abs /λ em = 650/675 nm) were separated by ca. 225/150 nm, respectively, which eliminated probe-product crosstalk. Third, it renders the ratiometric signal with a single chromophore and is structurally succinct. TotalROX allowed quantitative analysis and was more sensitive than Amplex Red and CellROX Deep Red, two commercial probes for cell oxidative species. Bioimaging potentials of total-ROX for monitoring cell redox status were exemplified in three different cell lines.

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Copper is a crucial transition metal ion that plays an essential role in environmental, biological, and chemical systems.