Levantamentos da estrutura e da composição florística de comunidades vegetais, em especial de fragmentos florestais, têm se intensificado nas últimas décadas. As informações obtidas nestas atividades servem de base para a proteção e a recuperação destas formações. Um conjunto de métodos tem sido aplicado nestes levantamentos e este artigo visa a elencar, atualizar e discutir estes métodos, indicando também os diferentes parâmetros que têm sido estudados, no sentido de se acumular um conhecimento suficiente para o manejo adequado, principalmente de florestas remanescentes. Não obstante o esforço dos últimos anos, as informações disponíveis ainda estão aquém das necessidades dos gestores que precisam intervir nestes sistemas.

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Os objetivos deste estudo são: i) avaliar a variabilidade anual e mensal da chuva e temperatura do ar e ii) quantificar as componentes do balanço hídrico climatológico de Resende, RJ. Os dados mensais pluviométricos e temperatura foram obtidos do INMET entre 1995 a 2017. As séries temporais possuíam falhas e foram preenchidas pelos pacotes do software ambiente R. Com base na estatística descritiva e exploratória aplicada na série temporal de chuva foram identificados os meses secos (maio a agosto). Os CV foram altamente variáveis ao longo da série temporal das variáveis climáticas em Resende. As menores diferenças pluviométricas anuais em Resende foram, nos percentis dos quantis de 25% e 50% da média e mediana, seguido das diferenças superior à média, nos percentis de 75% a 100% dos quantis. Houve um aumento da temperatura anual nos percentis dos quantis de 25% e 50%. O balanço hídrico climatológico mostrou uma distribuição irregular na chuva mensal, com duas estações em Resende: a estação chuvosa inicia-se em setembro, com o maior excedente hídrico em janeiro e dezembro, e a estação seca entre abril e agosto.

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This study aimed to evaluate soil fertility and the horizontal structure of three demonstration units of Agroforestry Systems (ASs), Sapucaia, RJ, Brazil. Twenty-four plots (25 m 2) were delineated in each AS. Soil fertility was evaluated through pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The estimated phytosociological parameters were frequency, density, dominance, importance value and the diversity index of Shannon. Magnesium was more pronounced in ASas with more management intensity due to the incorporation of banana biomass (AS 1 and 2). The AS 1 highlights were for banana and coffee (about 45% IV), AS 2 banana and physic nuts (about 50% IV) and AS 3 cassava and 'fumo-bravo' (VI=52.2%). This study suggests that diversity contributes to the maintenance of ecosystem services on a local scale, mainly for the conservation and maintenance of soil fertility, as well as to increase food security in the property. The use of physic nuts has not shown to be a favorable option as a source of energy for the farm studied. However, it can contribute to the increase of local value added. These responses support the importance of ASs for the establishment of more sustainable production models.

Trabalhadores, 420, Vila Santa Cecília, Volta Redonda, RJ, 2 Janeiro -UFRRJ, Rod. BR-465, km 7,23851-970, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil (e-mail: l.mauro@terra.com.br) *Corresponding author e-mail: wkfreitas@gmail.com; tel: +55-24-2107-3434 (Received 2 nd Jul 2016; accepted 11 th Oct 2016) Abstract. This study was conducted in a fragment of deciduous seasonal forest (DSF), located between the municipalities of Piratuba and Ipira, Santa Catarina. The objective was to evaluate the floristic composition and the successional stage through the ecological groups, the Shannon diversity index (H') and the dispersal syndromes of species, also using the H' and the McGinnies index (IGA) to determine the pattern of spatial distribution of species. 14 transects were installed, each with 1,000 m 2 , considering all trees with Diameter at Breast Hight (DBH) ≤ 4.0 cm. In total, 2,125 individuals were sampled, belonging to 113 species and 34 families. Myrtaceae and Fabaceae were the families with the highest species richness, with 14.2% and 11.5%, respectively. Euphorbiaceae and Lauraceae added approximately 25% of the individuals. The most abundant species were Actiniostemon concolor (Spreng.) Müll. Arg (6.9%) and Luehea divaricata Mart. (6.7%). The ecological group of the pioneers totaled 40% of the individuals and 36.3% of the species. The zoochoric syndrome accounted for just over 60% of individuals and species. The H' was 3.92 nats. ind -1 and the Pielou evenness (J) was 0.82. The IGA revealed that only over 40% of the species and 60% of the individuals showed a clumped dispersion pattern. The community is on successional transition phase, from the initial to the intermediate stage. In this scenario, management measures adopted for the microscale could be implemented in order to preserve this important repository for diversity. The application of McGinnies index can be of great use in conservation and forest management, as its interpretation may contribute to the development of restoration methods of degraded areas, enrichment of forest remnants, germplasm conservation and other activities. Department of Environmental Sciences and the Postgraduate Program in Sustainable Development Practices -PPGPDS -Rural Federal University of Rio de

ResumoO estudo foi realizado na borda de um fragmento de Floresta Estacional Semidecidual na Serra da Concórdia, Vale do Paraíba do Sul (RJ). Foram instaladas amostras em dois sítios, cada uma com 10 subparcelas de 100m2, totalizando 0,2 ha. Foi coletado o material botânico das árvores com Diâmetro à Altura do Peito (DAP) maior ou igual a 5,0 cm. Foram amostrados 247 indivíduos, pertencentes a 43 espécies e 23 famílias. A síndrome de dispersão zoocórica, com 51,8% dos indivíduos e 48,8% das espécies e o grupo ecológico das pioneiras, com 33,3% dos indivíduos e 29,7% das espécies, foram os que apresentaram maior ocorrência. Foram analisados os índices de diversidade de Shannon (H’) e de Pielou (J), além do padrão de distribuição das espécies, através do índice de Morisita (Id). Os valores para os dois primeiros índices foram, respectivamente, 3,15 e 0,84. O padrão de distribuição espacial das espécies revelou que 34,1% das espécies apresentaram padrão de dispersão agregado, 29,5% uniforme e 6,8 % aleatório. A Serra da Concórdia é considerada um importante remanescente da Mata Atlântica do médio Paraíba do Sul, o que reforça a adoção de medidas de conservação desse grande repositório da biodiversidade regional.Palavras-chave: Ecologia florestal; floresta de encosta; índice de Morisita; Mata Atlântica. AbstractFloristic, diversity and spatial distributions of tree species in a Semideciduous Forest site in Sierra of Concórdia, RJ, Brazil. This research was conducted at the edge of a fragment of semideciduous forest in Serra da Concórdia, Valley of Paraíba do Sul ( RJ ). Samplings were installed in two sites, with 10 parcels of 100m2 each, totaling 0.2 ha. The botanical material was collected from trees with diameter at breast height (DBH) greater than or equal to 5.0 cm. The results revealed 247 trees belonging to 43 species and 23 families. The number of trees and of species were higher for dispersion syndrome of zoochory (51.8% of trees and 48.8 % of the species) and for ecological group of pioneers (33.3 % of subjects and 29.7 % of the species). The diversity index of Shannon (H'), of Pielou (J), and the distribution pattern of the species by the Morisita index (Id) were analyzed. The values for the first two indexes were respectively 3.15 and 0.84. The spatial distribution of the species revealed that 34.1 % had aggregated dispersion pattern, 29.5% uniform distribution, and 6.8 % presented random distribution. The forest of the Serra da Concórdia is considered an important remnant of the Atlantic Forest in the middle Paraíba do Sul, which reinforces the adoption of conservation measures for that great repository of regional biodiversity.Keywords: Forest ecology; slope forest; Morisita index; Atlantic Forest.