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Ultrafine Fe, Fe–Ni, and Ni particles were prepared by using the hydrogen plasma-metal reaction method in a mixture of H2 and Ar of 0.1 MPa. The particles were characterized by x-ray diffraction, transmission electron spectroscopy, energy disperse spectroscopy, chemical analysis, and Mössbauer spectroscopy. In contrast with bulk Fe–Ni alloys, the distinguishing features in corresponding ultrafine particles are that two phases with fcc and bcc structures coexist in a wide composition range. Ultrafine Fe–Ni particles have higher resistance to oxidation than Fe and Ni particles. The mechanism of forming particles was analyzed by means of structural and magnetic measurements. It was found that quenching is a dominant mechanism for forming paramagnetic particles. Hyperfine interactions were studied by Mössbauer spectroscopy in comparison with those in bulk Fe–Ni alloys.

Precipitation evolution and its correspondence to mechanical properties in Mg-4Sm-xZn-0.4Zr (x=0, 0.3, 0.6, 1.3) (wt.%) alloys are systematically investigated in this work. Precipitation sequences at 200 o C are identified using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), highresolution TEM (HRTEM), and high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM). A new precipitate β' Z is found to present with the increase of Zn addition. With higher Zn content (> ~1 wt.%), basal γ-series precipitates dominate. The transitionin precipitation sequence agrees wellwith the change of mechanical properties. The microstructure and property evolution in the optimum Mg-4Sm-0.3Zn-0.4Zr alloy is modeled based on obtained experimental data through a combination of classical nucleation and growth model and the CALPHAD (CALculation of PhAse Diagram) simulation. The obtained

The phase diagram and thermodynamic properties of the Li-H and Ca-H systems in the literature are critically reviewed. The Gibbs energy functions of individual phases in these two systems are modeled by the CALPHAD approach. The associate solution model and substitutional model are employed to represent the thermodynamic properties of the liquid phase in the Li-H and Ca-H systems, respectively. The available experimental data are well reproduced by the present modeling. With the obtained Gibbs energy functions, the phase relationships in the Li-H and Ca-H systems at high pressures are also predicted.

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