No abstract

Previous behavioral and electrophysiological studies examining the body inversion effect, where inversion of a body stimulus reduces its recognition, suggested that information regarding human bodies is processed configurally. However, few studies to date have examined how the magnitude of the body inversion effect may be impacted by varying degrees of configural information present in a stimulus of interest. In the current study, upright and inverted body stimuli were presented across three body posture conditions, the whole body, piecemeal body (without head and trunk), and random body posture conditions, while response times, error rates, and event-related potentials were recorded. Behavioral measures and assessment of the N170 component, particularly at occipital-temporal site, revealed a robust difference between upright and inverted postures for both the whole body and piecemeal body posture conditions, which was not observed in the random body posture condition. The behavioral measure showed less errors and faster reaction times for upright compared with inverted orientation; however, the N170 component only showed typical effect of orientation (more negative and more delayed peak in waveform for the inverted compared with upright orientation) in the left hemisphere. The magnitude and direction of these differences were comparable for whole body and piecemeal postures. Overall, these results were consistent with the notion that it is the first-order information of body posture rather than the presence of the head (and trunk) that determines the body inversion effect.

Directly synthesize polycrystalline graphene on Si substrate by PACVD, the growth temperature is significantly reduced and reaches at 700 °C. The graphene-on-Si exhibits superior capabilities that can be used to directly fabricate photodetectors.

Event-related brain potentials were used to investigate the shortcut calculation strategy and nonshortcut calculation strategy in performing addition using mental arithmetic. Results showed that the shortcut calculation strategy elicited a larger P220 than the nonshortcut calculation strategy in the 180-280 ms. Dipole source analysis of the difference wave (shortcut calculation minus nonshortcut calculation) indicated that a generator was localized in the posterior cingulate cortex, which reflected the evaluation effect of number in the use of the shortcut strategy. In the 320-500 ms time window, a greater N400 was found in the nonshortcut calculation as compared with the shortcut calculation. Dipole source analysis of the difference wave indicated that a generator was localized in the anterior cingulate cortex. The N400 might reflect the greater working memory load.

The piezoelectric, ferroelectric, and optical properties of Er-doped Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 ceramics were investigated in terms of Er3+ ion occupying the A- and B-site with different Er ion concentrations. Compared with B-site doped samples, the A-site doped ceramics have much stronger piezoelectricity, ferroelectric property, and luminescence intensity. Upon the excitation of 980 nm, all the Er-doped Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 ceramics exhibit strong green and red emissions. The present investigation demonstrates that the relative intensity of green and red upconversion emissions can be tuned by changing Er ion concentration. In this study, influence of the electrical and luminescence properties of the Er doped ceramics is discussed.