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Antibiotic residues may be very harmful in aquatic environments, because of limited treatment efficiency of traditional treatment methods. An electrochemical system with Ti-based SnO2-Sb-Ni anode was developed to degrade a typical antibiotic chloramphenicol (CAP) in water. The electrode was prepared by sol-gel method. The performance of electrode materials, impact factors and dynamic characteristics were evaluated. The Ti-based SnO2-Sb-Ni electrode was compact and uniform by the characterization of SEM and XRD. The electrocatalytic oxidation of CAP was carried out in a single-chamber reactor by using Ti-based SnO2-Sb-Ni electrode. For 100 mg L−1 CAP, the CAP removal ratio of 100% and the TOC removal ratio of 60% were obtained at the current density of 20 mA cm−2 and in neutral electrolyte at 300 min. The kinetic investigation has shown that the electro-oxidation of CAP on Ti-based SnO2-Sb-Ni electrode displayed pseudo first-order kinetic model. Free radical quenching experiments presented that the oxidation of CAP on Ti-based SnO2-Sb-Ni electrode resulted from the synergistic effect of direct oxidation and indirect oxidation (·OH and ·SO4−). Doping Ni on the Ti/SnO2-Sb electrode for CAP degradation was presented in this paper, showing its great application potential in the area of antibiotic and halogenated organic pollutants degradation.

In this article, tough hydrogels are prepared by introducing the polyethyleneimine (PEI) with branched structure and a large number of NH2 and NH groups into permanently crosslinked polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogels matrix. To investigate the effects of B‐PEI and chemical crosslinking agent (Bis) on the strength and toughness of hydrogels, a series of B‐PEI/PAAm hydrogels with different mass percentage of Bis and B‐PEI were manufactured and the rheological and swelling properties were compared. For all hydrogels, the storage modulus (G′) was much higher than the loss modulus (G″) in the linear viscoelastic region through the whole frequency range. The solid‐like behavior and elastic nature (G′ > G″) are attributed to the permanent covalence crosslinking. Therefore, G′ increased when more Bis was added. For the nonlinear oscillatory shear measurement, hydrogels with B‐PEI broke at larger γ than the pure PAAm hydrogels, indicating that the toughness of B‐PEI/PAAm hydrogels has been improved by introducing B‐PEI. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48541.