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3D hierarchically porous carbon/Sn composites is synthesized by in situ NaCl template method, which can effectively avoid the direct exposure of elemental Sn to the electrolyte, efficiently alleviate the volume expansion and exhibits good potassiation/depotassiation capacity.

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Delayed wound healing has a profound impact on patients, healthcare, and society. Platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) gel, as a preparation for regenerative medicine, has proven to be of clinical value in various wound treatments. Nevertheless, its weak mechanical properties and consequent burst release effect have restricted its application and efficacy. Here, an engineered PRP dual‐network hydrogel (named DN gel) based on sodium alginate is constructed through a simple “one‐step” activation process. Its improved gelling property and sustained release of growth factors may be beneficial for clinical use. Evaluations in rats indicate that DN gel promote wound healing in terms of rapid re‐epithelialization, up‐regulated growth factor levels and early transitions in the wound healing and angiogenesis stages. As a proof of concept, DN gel also exhibits superior healing efficiency in a porcine wound model. These results demonstrate the great potential of transforming this hydrogel into the next generation of PRP‐based bioactive wound dressing.

The pore size distribution, pore shape and connectivity, and fractal characteristics are investigated to determine the pore characteristics of three different samples of middle−high rank coal. Pores of more than and less than 10 nm were measured using mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and gas adsorption, respectively. The pore size distribution was verified with the initial methane diffusion rate and CH 4 desorption. Fractal dimensions of seepage pores and adsorption pores were counted using the results from MIP and gas adsorption, respectively. First, the results show that micropores and transition pores occupy the most volume and specific surface area. Micropores and transition pores, as well as porosity, gradually increase as coal rank increases. Second, the fractal dimensions of seepage pores and adsorption pores gradually increase with increasing coal rank, which shows that coalification makes pore structure more complex and pore surface rougher. Additionally, the fractal dimensions of bigger pores are greater than those of smaller pores, implying that the surface and structure of bigger pores is rougher and more complex than those of smaller pores, respectively. Finally, the connectivity of coal has a close relationship with macropores rather than coal rank.

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Based on the desorption experiments of coal particles with different sizes, the possibility of the existence of coal powders in the outburst development stage was studied from the perspective of