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The efficiency of dolomite to remove phosphate from aqueous solutions was investigated. The experimental results showed that the removal of phosphate by dolomite was rapid (the removal rate over 95% in 60 min) when the initial phosphate concentration is at the range of 10-50 mg/L. Several kinetic models including intraparticle diffusion model, pseudo-first-order model, Elovich model, and pseudo-second-order model were employed to evaluate the kinetics data of phosphate adsorption onto dolomite and pseudosecond-order model was recommended to describe the adsorption kinetics characteristics. Further analysis of the adsorption kinetics indicated that the phosphate removal process was mainly controlled by chemical bonding or chemisorption. Moreover, both Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms were used to evaluate the experimental data. The results indicated that Langmuir isotherm was more suitable to describe the adsorption characteristics of dolomite. Maximum adsorption capacity of phosphate by dolomite was found to be 4.76 mg phosphorous/g dolomite. Thermodynamic studies showed that phosphate adsorption was exothermic. The study implies that dolomite is an excellent low cost material for phosphate removal in wastewater treatment process.

Using universal locked nucleic acid probes, a high multiplexing ddPCR-based NIPT was developed to reliably identify fetal aneuploidies.

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Hydrogen produced by electrochemical water splitting offers a hopeful and renewable solution to address the global energy crisis; however, development of highly efficient hydrogen generation electrocatalysts remains a big challenge. Herein, self-supported P-doped nickel superstructure films (NiP x ) developed on Cu foil were prepared via a facile one-step electrodeposition route from the choline chloride−ethylene glycol (Ethaline)-based deep eutectic solvent (DES). Two depositional patterns including potentiostatic deposition and a consecutive potential cycling approach were compared, and the latter model with a potentiodynamic control was found to be a valid electrochemical protocol to create crack-free NiP x films which were highly active for catalyzing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) under an alkaline condition. The optimal deposited sample with a Ni/P ratio of 1:0.056 achieved a low overpotential of 105 mV to deliver a current density of 10 mA cm −2 with a small Tafel slope of 44.7 mV dec −1 and excellent catalytic stability for at least 60 h. Detailed experimental investigations coupled with theoretical analyses revealed that the high-performance catalytic activity of the NiP x films originated from the enriched active sites and enhanced electronic conductivity induced by P-doping, which also altered the surface electronic structure of the material and resulted in a lower energy barrier for water dissociation and favorable H adsorption free energy. This study provides a new electrochemical potentiodynamic strategy performed in DES for the fabrication of transition-metal-phosphidebased catalysts for enhancing HER catalysis.

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