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Background Parental attitudes towards the vaccines play a key role in the success of the herd immunity for the COVID-19. Psychological health seemed to be a controversial determinant of vaccine hesitancy and remained to be investigated. This study attempted to measure parental psychological distress, attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine, and to explore the potential associations. Methods An online survey using convenience sampling method was conducted among parents within the school public health network of Shenzhen. Demographic information and attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination were collected. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) was applied to measure psychological distress. Results Overall, 4,748 parents were included (average age: 40.28, standard deviation: 5.08). More than one fifth of them demonstrated psychological distress, in which only 3.3% were moderate to severe symptom. The proportions of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy for themselves, their spouses, and their children were 25.2%, 26.1%, and 27.3%, respectively. Parents with psychological distress were more likely to suffer vaccine hesitancy for themselves (OR: 1.277, 95%CI: 1.091∼1.494), for their spouses (OR:1.276, 95%CI: 1.088∼1.496) and children (OR:1.274, 95%CI: 1.092∼1.486). These associations tended to be more significant among parents with mild or severe psychological distress. Limitation Non-random sampling limited the generalization of our findings to all parents. Conclusion Parents had a low level of psychological distress but relatively high willingness of COVID-19 vaccination when there was no local epidemic but persistent risk of imported cases. Targeted health education and intervention strategies should be provided to people with vaccine hesitancy, especially for those who were susceptible to psychological distress.

Erythropoietin (EPO)/erythropoietin receptor (EPOR) signaling is involved in the development and regeneration of several non-hematopoietic tissues including the skeleton. EPO is identified as a downstream target of the hypoxia inducible factor-α (HIF-α) pathway. It is shown that EPO exerts a positive role in bone repair, however, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study we show that EPO and EPOR are expressed in the proliferating, pre-hypertrophic and hypertrophic zone of the developing mouse growth plates as well as in the cartilaginous callus of the healing bone. The proliferation rate of chondrocytes is increased under EPO treatment, while this effect is decreased following siRNA mediated knockdown of EPOR in chondrocytes. EPO treatment increases biosynthesis of proteoglycan, accompanied by up-regulation of chondrogenic marker genes including SOX9, SOX5, SOX6, collagen type 2, and aggrecan. The effects are inhibited by knockdown of EPOR. Blockage of the endogenous EPO in chondrocytes also impaired the chondrogenic differentiation. In addition, EPO promotes metatarsal endothelial sprouting in vitro. This coincides with the in vivo data that local delivery of EPO increases vascularity at the mid-stage of bone healing (day 14). In a mouse femoral fracture model, EPO promotes cartilaginous callus formation at days 7 and 14, and enhances bone healing at day 28 indexed by improved X-ray score and micro-CT analysis of microstructure of new bone regenerates, which results in improved biomechanical properties. Our results indicate that EPO enhances chondrogenic and angiogenic responses during bone repair. EPO's function on chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation is at least partially mediated by its receptor EPOR. EPO may serve as a therapeutic agent to facilitate skeletal regeneration.

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A cross-sectional survey was conducted to evaluate the differences on awareness and attitude towards human papillomavirus (HPV) and its vaccine between local and migrant residents who participated in cervical cancer screening in Shenzhen, China. Materials and Methods A total of 9,855 females sampled from healthcare institutions in 20 street blocks through the Cervical Cancer Prevention Network were surveyed in this study by a self-administered questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to explore the role of the hukou and resident status in the willingness to receive HPV vaccination. ResultsLocal residents had a relatively higher awareness of HPV (62.0% vs. 35.6% vs. 29.9%, p < 0.001) and its vaccine (35.3% vs. 15.4% vs. 14.8%, p < 0.001), as well as a higher willingness to receive HPV vaccination (68.5% vs. 62.5% vs. 56.2%, p < 0.001) than non-permanent residents and floating population. Except for age, education level, marital status, monthly income, having daughter(s), and heard of HPV and its vaccine, the hukou and resident status significantly associated with the willingness to receive HPV vaccination (local residents vs. floating population: odds ratio, 1.216; 95% confidence interval, 1.057 to 1.398). None significant difference on the associated factors was found between local residents and internal migrants (p for interactions > 0.05). ConclusionInequalities in awareness and attitude towards HPV and its vaccine existed between local and migrant residents in Shenzhen. The hukou and resident status did impact on the willingness to receive HPV vaccination, therefore, it is critical to implement effective health education campaigns on HPV and its vaccine among internal migrants.

International audienceMetamorphic Core Complexes (MCC) constitute remarkable features within wide rifts. Based on analogue and numerical modelling, MCC dynamics and structural development are mainly controlled by first geothermal gradient, second the compositional layering, and after the strain rate and partial melting. In the Late Mesozoic, continental extension occurred in East Asia leading to the development of MCC, magmatism and extensional sedimentary basins. Based on an integrated study (i.e. structural and finite strain analysis, petrofabrics, Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility (AMS) and U/Pb on zircon dating), this paper aims at constraining the tectonic evolution and deformation mechanisms in the South Liaodong Peninsula (NE China). The Gudaoling massif is identified as a "migmatitic" MCC developed from Upper Jurassic (ca. 157-154 Ma) to Early Cretaceous (ca. 128-113 Ma). Intrusion of the Yinmawanshan synkinematic pluton (Early Cretaceous) to the south of the dome marks out the final stages of shearing along the Gudaoling detachment zone and of exhumation of the MCC into the upper crust. The Gudaoling MCC and the Yinmawanshan pluton stay in line with the coeval South Liaodong MCC, to the south, all making a ~ 140x30km wide extensional band formed during a regional E-W to NW-SE crustal stretching. The area shows a bi-phased development with a "slow" and a "fast" stage which correspond to (1) crustal necking and (2) dome amplification/exhumation stages according to published thermo-mechanical modelling results. Finally, the Gudaoling MCC lower unit almost exclusively displays migmatites and anatectic granitoids of Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous, respectively. Occurrence of partial melting during earlier stages of extension seems controlling the initiation of MCC (as a soft anomaly within lower crust). In East Asia, a regional-scale thermal event, during Jurassic-Cretaceous times, may have significantly reduced the bulk lithosphere strength and locally induced partial melting, emphasizing pervasive deformations and development of a wide rift system