The CaO-B2O3-SiO2 glass ceramics system with four different boron contents (14 wt. %, 16.4 wt. %, 18.6 wt. %, 21 wt. %) were prepared under 900oC. The properties and microstructures are characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The effects of boron contents on the composition of crystalline phases and the properties of CaO-B2O3-SiO2 glass ceramics system were studied. The results show that when the molar ratio of CaO/SiO2 is 1.06, as the content of B2O3 increases, the major crystalline phases experiences the transformation from CaSiO3 to CaB2O4 and the content of α-SiO2 crystalline phase decreases, and the dielectric constant increases firstly but it decreases after the content of B2O3 reaches to 18.6 wt. %, while the dielectric loss tgδ of decreases gradually with the addition of boron content. When the content of B2O3 is 16.4 wt. %, the CaO-B2O3-SiO2 glass ceramics with a bulk density of 2.47 g/cm3 exhibits good dielectric properties (1 MHz): εr=6.03, tgδ=3.49×10-3.
The paper aims to provide the methods to tailor the rheological properties of silver paste for improving the fine line printing properties for crystalline silicon solar cells. The investigation on the internal structure model of silver paste was performed in order to understand the interaction among constituents in silver paste. Much stronger polymer network structure is formed through chain entanglements between thixotropic agent and polymer resin compared with the network structure originated from thixotropic agent. Silver particles have some association with above polymer network structure and form a stronger internal structure of silver paste together. The rheological properties were improved by tailoring the composition of polymer resin, using a combination of controlled flocculating dispersing additive and thixotropic agent, and the addition of nanosized carbon black. The strength of internal network structure can be enhanced by the design of polymer resin composition but without increasing high shear-rate viscosity. Through the combination use of controlled flocculating dispersing additive and thixotropic agent, the strength of network structure and viscosity can be improved. The depletion flocculation induced by the addition of nanosized carbon black introduces a new attraction force between silver particles and strengthens the internal network structure.
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