A new type S uperconducting Fault Current Limiter (S FCL) for dc applications is proposed. This SFCL consists of a current transmission/ limiting coil, an iron-core, and a set of superconductor rings. The superconductor rings are placed between the current transmission/ limiting coil and the iron-core. For application, the current transmission/ limiting coil is connected in series to a dc transmission line. During normal power transmission, magnetic flux coupling between the current transmission/ limiting coil and the iron-core is prevented by the magnetic shielding of the superconductor rings, and the current transmission coil has low impedance. Because of shielding effect of the superconductor rings iron core has high permeability at the beginning of short circuit, current limiting coil can effectively limit fault current rise. When the fault current reaches a certain level, the superconductor rings will quench and the shielding effect is greatly reduced. The current limiting coil strengthens the coupling with the iron core, increases the inductance, and will suppress the further increase of the fault current.A laboratory proof of concept prototype was made to demonstrate the feasibility of the idea. Experiments have been carried out with the prototype. In this presentation, we will introduce the detailed information of the principle, the prototype, and the experimental results. In addition a design of the new type DC S FCL is installed in a 160kV HVDC system. Index Terms-DC power system, Fault current, Magnetic shielding, and S FCL S uperconducting Fault-Current Limiters
Thermal sensitive supramolecular hybrid gels for injectable drug release were prepared by adding different amounts of agar into folic acid (FA) gelator. The gelation temperature was modulated in order to form injectable gel with body temperature (37°C). Such kind of folic acid-agar (FAG) hybrid gel makes it possible to use supramolecular gel as injectable drug loaded gels for drug release. FT-IR and UV-vis spectra indicate that agar macromolecules involve in the self-assembly process through intermolecular H-bonding and π-π stacking interactions with FA molecules. The SEM and TEM images demonstrate that the fiber diameter of FAG hybrid gel is about 20nm, much smaller than that of FA gel (40nm). However, FAG hybrid has a denser nano-fibrous network structure than FA gels. Moreover, FAG hybrid gel is endowed with a more ordered network structure and a little better crystallization capability by adding agar. FAG hybrid gel also shows a shear-thinning behavior but the shear viscosity is about 2 times higher than that of FA gel. Compared with FA gel, the storage (G') and loss (G″) moduli of the FAG gel are higher, which implies an enhanced gel strength. At the same time, both FA and FAG gels are facilely affected by some external factors such as acid, base and salts. In acidic or basic conditions, the strength became weak and the gelation temperature (Tg) decreased. While, within certain concentrations, the salt (NaCl) increased the gel strength and Tg. FAG gel suffered lower mass loss and owned better stability in different pH solutions compared with pure FA gel. The release behavior of the FA and injectable FAG gels was investigated by using Rhodamine B as a mimic model drug. FAG hybrid gel shows a long release profile and the release time is 3 times longer than that of FA gel, up to 30h, and the accumulative release amount reaches about 86%. So it is a potential injectable gel for sustained release drug delivery system.
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