The conversion of sesame lignans
is of interest because the derived
products may have potential applications. Here, in investigating the
transformation of sesamin and sesamolin, main endogenous sesame lignans
in sesame seeds, in both acidic aqueous and anhydrous systems, 7R,7′S-samin was identified as one
of the major products of sesamolin in both systems catalyzed with
common inorganic acids, but sesaminol was not generated. In investigating
the effect of different oxidizing agents on the acid-catalyzed conversion
of sesame lignans, 7R,7′S-samin was still the major product of sesamolin, whereas sesamolin
as well as 7R,7′S-samin stereoselectively
rendered 7R,7′R-samin in
the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide may play a role
in stabilizing the transitional oxonium ions, derived from acid hydrolysis
of sesamolin or 7R,7′S-samin
by forming a seven-membered ring intermediate through hydrogen bonding,
to consequently produce 7R,7′R-samin as the final product.
SUMMARYCutting balloon angioplasty can reduce the restenosis rate more than conventional balloon angioplasty, but is traditionally performed through a femoral artery. However, it is not clear how useful a transradial approach would be for cutting balloon angioplasty. This study was conducted to examine the safety, feasibility, and limitations of transradial as opposed to transfemoral cutting balloon angioplasty.From November 1999 to August 2001, 177 patients underwent cutting balloon coronary angioplasty. We compared the success rate, angiographic results, and complication rates of two groups of patients, those undergoing transradial (168 lesions from 153 patients) and those undergoing transfemoral (24 lesions from 24 patients) cutting balloon angioplasty. In both groups of patients who had similar clinical and target lesion characteristics, the percentage of lesions that required balloon predilation (27.4% vs 29.2%), stenting (7.7% vs 4.2%), and adjunct balloon dilation (28.0% vs 33.3%) due to dissection (35.7% vs 33.3%) or suboptimal results were comparable. Both approaches achieved a 100% primary success rate with similar acute gain (2.02±0.68 mm vs 1.94±0.70 mm), residual (luminal) diameter stenosis (19.2±11.7% vs 17.0±12.7%), proportion of lesions that achieved TIMI 3 flow (98.8% vs 100%), and clinical success rate (98.8% vs 95.8%). However, patients undergoing transradial cutting balloon angioplasty had earlier ambulation and a significantly shorter hospital stay than those undergoing a transfemoral approach (2.80±2.67 days vs 4.75±5.44 days, P=0.005).We conclude that the transradial approach is a feasible and safe alternative to the transfemoral approach for cutting balloon angioplasty. In addition, it offers patients early ambulation and a short hospital stay. (Jpn Heart J 2003; 44: 51-60)
The adulteration of olive oil is an important issue around the world. This paper reports an indirect method by which to identify 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) esters in olive oils. Following sample preparation, the samples were spiked with 1,2-bis-palmitoyl-3-chloropropanediol standard for analysis using gas chromatograph-tandem mass spectrometry. The total recovery ranged from 102.8% to 105.5%, the coefficient of variation ranged from 1.1% to 10.1%, and the limit of quantification was 0.125 mg/kg. The content of 3-MCPD esters in samples of refined olive oil (0.97-20.53 mg/kg) exceeded those of extra virgin olive oil (non-detected to 0.24 mg/kg). These results indicate that the oil refining process increased the content of 3-MCPD esters, which means that they could be used as a target compound for the differentiation of extra virgin olive oil from refined olive oil in order to prevent adulteration.
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