Well-redispersed ceria nanoparticles (CeO 2 NPs) were synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method. The prepared CeO 2 NPs exhibited excellent catalytic activity towards classical peroxidase substrate 3,3,5,5-tetramethylbiphenyl dihydrochloride (TMB$2HCl) in the presence of H 2 O 2 , based on which a colorimetric method that is highly sensitive and selective was developed for glucose detection. The composition, structure, morphology and peroxidase-like catalytic activity of CeO 2 NPs are investigated in detail by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), thermal analysis (TG) and UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. According to this method, the detection of H 2 O 2 and glucose are in linear range from 6.0 Â 10 À7 to 1.5 Â 10 À6 mol L À1 and 6.6 Â 10 À6 to 1.3 Â 10 À4 mol L À1 , with the detection limit down to 5.0 Â 10 À7 mol L À1 H 2 O 2 and 3.0 Â 10 À6 mol L À1 glucose, respectively. Further, this simple, cheap, highly sensitive and selective colorimetric method for glucose detection was successfully applied for the determination of glucose in human serum samples.
When testing the electrochemical performance of metal oxide anode for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), binder played important role on the electrochemical performance. Which binder was more suitable for preparing transition metal oxides anodes of LIBs has not been systematically researched. Herein, five different binders such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) HSV900, PVDF 301F, PVDF Solvay5130, the mixture of styrene butadiene rubber and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (SBR+CMC), and polyacrylonitrile (LA133) were studied to make anode electrodes (compared to the full battery). The electrochemical tests show that using SBR+CMC and LA133 binder which use water as solution were significantly better than PVDF. The SBR+CMC binder remarkably improve the bonding capacity, cycle stability, and rate performance of battery anode, and the capacity retention was about 87% after 50th cycle relative to the second cycle. SBR+CMC binder was more suitable for making transition metal oxides anodes of LIBs.
The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) crisis led to the construction of a negative pressure operating theatre at a hospital in Hong Kong. It is currently used for treatment of suspected or confirmed airborne infection cases, and was built in anticipation of a return of SARS, an outbreak of avian influenza or other respiratory epidemics. This article describes the physical conversion of a standard positive pressure operating theatre into a negative pressure environment, problems encountered, airflow design, and evaluation of performance. Since entering regular service, routine measurements and observations have indicated that the airflow performance has been satisfactory. This has also been confirmed by regular air sampling checks. Computational fluid dynamics, a computer modelling technique, was used to compare the distribution of room air before and after the design changes from positive to negative pressure. The simulation results show that the physical environment and the dispersion pattern of bacteria in the negative pressure theatre were as good as, if not better than, those in the original positive pressure design.
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