Increasing the secretion of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) by monocytes in the synovial fluid is an indicator to determine the severity of joint inflammation. Previous studies have shown that curcumin inhibit the osteoarthritis progression with its ability to inhibite the activity of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzyme from macrophages. In this prospective randomized open end blinded evaluations = PROBE study, 80 patients with knee osteoarthritis were eligable. The subject were devided in to two group: group who received 3 x 30 mg of curcuminoid from Curcuma domestica Val. extract (curcuminoid group) and group who received 3 x 25 mg of diclofenac sodium (diclofenac group) as comparison. The treatment was for 4 weeks time. The secretion of ROI by sinovial fluid monocytes was calculated by scoring the amount of formazan formation after neutral red staining in nitrobleu tetrazolium reduction assay. The result of this study showed that the secretion of ROI by synovial fluid monocytes was significantly decreased in both groups (p <0.001) respectively. There was no significant difference in decreasing of ROI secretion of synovial fluid monocytes between both treatment groups (p = 0.92).

Approximately 10-30% of adult Asian people had metabolic syndrome. This study aimed to reveal effects of workplace health promotion (WHP) with multilevel interventions on workers' metabolic syndrome component. This study was conducted in 2014-2015 using quasi-experimental design with multilevel subject intervention in Indonesia. The WHP program for multilevel intervention group included 12 weeks of combined physical training, diet, health education, social support, and advocacy. The WHP program for control group included only health education. Instruments used included IPAQ, table of 24-hour food recall, physical measurement tools, and clinical laboratories. Data analysis used Marginal Homogeneity, paired sample t-test, Mc Nemar, and Wilcoxon test. WHP multilevel intervention could improve physical activity and the nutrition in accordance with diet of workers, in particular to increase the amount of fiber and a reduce cholesterol intake. The improved metabolic syndrome components due to the influence of multilevel WHP were systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose levels (p value < 0.05). Overall, workplace health promotion multilevel interventions are effective for the management of metabolic syndrome components.Keywords: Metabolic syndrome, multilevel intervention, workplace health promotion Abstrak Sekitar 10-30% orang Asia dewasa mengalami sindrom metabolik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap efek Promosi Kesehatan di Tempat Kerja PKDTK dengan intervensi multilevel pada komponen/penanda pekerja yang menderita sindrom metabolik. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tahun 2014-2015 dengan menggunakan desain quasi experimental dengan intervensi subjek secara multilevel di Indonesia. Program PKDTK untuk kelompok intervensi multilevel berupa kombinasi latihan fisik, diet, pendidikan kesehatan, dukungan sosial, dan advokasi salama 12 minggu. Program PKDTK untuk kelompok kontrol hanya pendidikan kesehatan. Instrumen penelitian seperti IPAQ, table food recall 24 jam, alat pengukuran fisik, dan laboratorium klinis. Analisis data menggunakan Marginal Homogeneity, paired sample t, Mc Nemar, dan uji Wilcoxon. Intervensi PKDTK multilevel dapat meningkatkan aktivitas fisik dan asupan makanan yang sesuai dengan diet sindrom metabolik, khususnya untuk meningkatkan jumlah serat pangan dan pengurangan asupan kolesterol. Komponen sindrom metabolik yang membaik karena pengaruh PKDTK secara multilevel adalah tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik, serta kadar glukosa darah puasa (nilai p < 0,05). Secara keseluruhan, intervensi PKDTK multilevel efektif untuk pengelolaan komponen sindroma metabolik pada pekerja. IntroductionA systematic review has shown that approximately 10-13% of East and Southeast Asian populations had metabolic syndrome in 2007. 1 Several studies also showed an increasing incidence of metabolic syndrome among workers. 2-4 Metabolic syndrome incidence among Indonesian workers also tends to increase, as a study conducted by Semiardji, 4 found that 24.4% of diseases among workers wer...

Osteoarthritis is the most frequent joint disease worldwide. Patients with osteoarthritis mostly use nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as diclofenac sodium for reducing pain. Diclofenac sodium frequently disturbs the liver function. Curcuminoid has an anti-inflammatory activity and some references state that curcuminoid protects the liver function. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of curcuminoid from Curcuma domestica Val. rhizome extract and diclofenac sodium on the liver function of patients with osteoarthritis. A total of 80 patients with knee osteoarthritis were enrolled. Subjects were divided randomly into two groups; a group received 30 mg of curcuminoid from C. domestica Val. 3 times daily (curcuminoid group) and the other received 25 mg of diclofenac sodium 3 times daily (diclofenac group). Assessment of results includes serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) performed before and after 4 weeks of treatment. In the curcuminoid group, there was no significant decrease of AST serum level (p < 0.15) and ALT serum level (p < 0.41), whereas in the diclofenac group, there was no significant increase of AST serum level (p=0.05) and significant increase of ALT serum level (p<0.01). The increase of serum AST and ALT level in the diclofenac group were significantly different as compared to the decrease of the levels in the curcuminoid group. This means that diclofenac sodium disturbs liver function, while curcuminoid from C. domestica Val. rhizome extract improves the liver function of patients with osteoarthritis.

Muscle Mass (MM) has an important role in health and physical performance. There are many MM prediction equations, but none is formulated in Indonesia. This study aimed to develop Anthropometric Equations (AE) prediction for MM. A cross sectional study was used to formulate AE prediction through multiple regression analysis.  The significance of observed differences between predicted and actual MM was tested by t test while level of agreement was assessed by Bland Altman plot. A significant correlation was found between MM and height, body mass index, calf/arm/waist circumferences, and waist hip ratio (p<0.05).  Regression anal¬ysis indicated that age, height, and Mid Arm Circumference (MAC) contributed significantly to MM. The resulting equation was MM (kg) = -10.22+(-.097x age)+(0.16xheight)+(0.30xMAC). There was no significant difference between actual and predicted MM results, and both had significant correlation. These results suggest that age, AP related to MM and AE provide valid prediction of MM for healthy elderly women in Jakarta.

Hyperglycaemia is common in patients with acute myocardial infarction with and without diabetes mellitus. There is a positive relationship between hyperglycaemia at the time of event and highly incidence of mortality and morbidity after acute myocardial infarction. Consequently, understanding the possible mechanisms through which hyperglycaemia worsens the prognosis of acute myocardial infarction, as well as effectiveness of its control during acute myocardial infarction, seems to be a great relevance. This study to investigate wether a relationship exists between blood glucose level on admission and cardiac events in non diabetic patients after an acute myocardial infarction. Method, a cohort prospective observational study was done on acute myocardial infarction's patients who were hospitalized in ICCU DR Sardjito's hospital from March 2002 until October 2004. Subject who met inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into 2 groups, the group in which blood glucose level on admission was ≤ 140 mg/dl and the group with blood glucose on admission was > 140 mg/dl. Cardiac events as well as mortality, cardiac failure, reinfarction and cardiogenic shock were observed for 6 months. There were 95 subjects, 93 males and 2 females. Subjects were divided into 2 groups based on blood glucose's level on admission. 48 subjects in group with blood glucose on admission > 140 mg/dl and 47 subjects with blood glucose on admission ≤ 140 mg/dl. The incidence of cardiac event were higher in the group with hyperglycaemia instead of the group without hyperglycaemia. Survival analysis showed only cardiac failure and mortality were statistically significant with Log rank test p, consecutively = 0,0192 and 0,0084. The conclusion of this study is cardiac events during 6 months observation after an acute myocardial infarction with hyperglycaemia were higher than without hyperglycaemia, eventhough, only cardiac failure and mortality rate which were statistically significant according with blood glucose on admission following acute myocardial infarction.Key words: blood glucose on admission -acute myocardial infarction -cardiac events. PENDAHULUANInfark miokard akut sampai saat ini masih merupakan masalah kesehatan yang banyak menyerap baik tenaga, pikiran maupun biaya. Di USA sekitar 1,5 juta orang setiap tahunnya terkena akut miokrad infark. Walaupun angka kematian infark miokard akut telah menurun sampai 30% dalam dekade belakangan ini, namun sekitar sepertiganya masih belum bisa tertolong. Dampak ekonomi yang ditimbulkan di USA diperkirakan sekitar 60 milyard dollar dan setengahnya dipakai untuk baik usaha pencegahan dan perawatan (1).Penelitian GISSI II mendapatkan angka kematian 6 bulan setelah infark sebesar 3,5%, dengan gagal jantung ventrikel kiri, usia lebih dari 70 tahun, riwayat infark miokard akut sebelumnya, hipertensi dan aritmia ventrikuler sebagai faktor prediktor. Angina pektoris, pasca infark, wanita, diabetes mellitus dan infark anterior bukan merupakan prediktor (2).Hiperglikemia dan gangguan tolerasi gula ...

Approximately 10-30% of adult Asian people had metabolic syndrome. This study aimed to reveal effects of workplace health promotion (WHP) with multi-level interventions on workers' metabolic syndrome component. This study was conducted in 2014-2015 using quasi-experimental design with multilevel subject intervention in Indonesia. The WHP program for multilevel intervention group included 12 weeks of combined physical training, diet, health education, social support, and advocacy. The WHP program for control group included only health education. Instruments used included IPAQ, table of 24-hour food recall , physical measurement tools, and clinical laboratories. Data analysis used Marginal Homogeneity, paired sample t-test, Mc Nemar, and Wilcoxon test. WHP multilevel intervention could improve physical activity and the nutrition in accordance with diet of workers, in particular to increase the amount of fiber and a reduce cholesterol intake. The improved metabolic syndrome components due to the influence of multilevel WHP were systolic and diastolic blood pressure , and fasting blood glucose levels (p value < 0.05). Overall, workplace health promotion multilevel interventions are effective for the management of metabolic syndrome components. Abstrak Sekitar 10-30% orang Asia dewasa mengalami sindrom metabolik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap efek Promosi Kesehatan di Tempat Kerja PKDTK dengan intervensi multilevel pada komponen/penanda pekerja yang menderita sindrom metabolik. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tahun 2014-2015 dengan menggunakan desain quasi experimental dengan intervensi subjek secara multilevel di Indonesia. Program PKDTK untuk kelompok intervensi mul-tilevel berupa kombinasi latihan fisik, diet, pendidikan kesehatan, dukungan sosial, dan advokasi salama 12 minggu. Program PKDTK untuk kelompok kon-trol hanya pendidikan kesehatan. Instrumen penelitian seperti IPAQ, table food recall 24 jam, alat pengukuran fisik, dan laboratorium klinis. Analisis data meng-gunakan Marginal Homogeneity, paired sample t, Mc Nemar, dan uji Wilcoxon. Intervensi PKDTK multilevel dapat meningkatkan aktivitas fisik dan asupan makanan yang sesuai dengan diet sindrom metabolik, khususnya untuk meningkatkan jumlah serat pangan dan pengurangan asupan kolesterol. Komponen sindrom metabolik yang membaik karena pengaruh PKDTK secara multilevel adalah tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik, serta kadar glukosa darah puasa (nilai p < 0,05). Secara keseluruhan, intervensi PKDTK multilevel efektif untuk pengelolaan komponen sindroma metabolik pada pekerja. Kata kunci: Sindrom metabolik, intervensi multilevel, promosi kesehatan di tempat kerja Introduction A systematic review has shown that approximately 10-13% of East and Southeast Asian populations had metabolic syndrome in 2007. 1 Several studies also showed an increasing incidence of metabolic syndrome among workers. 2-4 Metabolic syndrome incidence among Indonesian workers also tends to increase, as a study conducted by Semiardji, 4 found that 24.4% of diseases among worker...

Background: Hypertension in overweight elderly is a crucial problem considering that its pathogenesis, disease pattern and management are not entirely the same with hypertension in young adults. Hypertension in overweight elderly requires particular attention because it is closely associated with overall management (medical and nutritional).Objective: To study different intake of micronutrients, i.e. natrium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) in overweight and non overweight elderly with essential hypertension at Griya Sehat Lansia (GSL) Yogyakarta.Method: The study was analytical with case control study design. Samples were as many as 138 elderly of 60-75 years old taken using multistage sampling technique. Data of intake Na, K, Ca, Mg were obtained through semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ); essential hypertension through assessment of blood pressure using sphygmomanometer; overweight and non overweight status through body mass index (BMI), BMI for overweight was 23-24.9 kg/m2 and non-overweight was 18.50-22.99 kg/m2. Statistical analysis used paired t test, Chi-Square and logistic regression.Results: There were differences in intake of Na, K, Ca, and Mg between overweight and non overweight elderly (p<0.05). There were significant association (p<0.05) between intake of Na, K, Ca, and Mg of overweight and non overweight elderly with essential hypertension, with OR 5.271; 6.813; 3.398 and 3.444. Intake of Na and K were variables most significantly associated with overweight and non overweight elderly with essential hypertension (p<0.05).Conclusion: There were significant differences in intake of micronutrients (Na, K, Ca, Mg) between overweight and non overweight elderly with essential hypertension at GSL Yogyakarta.

AbstrakKonsekuensi dari penyakit-penyakit yang sering dialami oleh pekerja merupakan kerugian besar bagi perusahaan dan pekerja. Dalam rangka mengatasi persoalan penyakit pada pekerja, perlu upaya promosi kesehatan di tempat kerja, khususnya untuk mengubah perilaku. Penerapan perubahan perilaku di tempat kerja bersifat lebih kompleks. Perubahan perilaku tidak saja didorong oleh faktor-faktor individu, tetapi juga oleh peran faktor eksternal, sehingga pihak yang dijadikan sasaran workplace health promotion (WHP) adalah secara multilevel. Artikel ini menjelaskan rumusan model WHP multilevel yang dapat diterapkan untuk mengubah perilaku pekerja yang tidak sehat, sehingga diharapkan dapat menurunkan kesakitan dan kematian penyakit pada pekerja. Prinsip pemilihan model perubahan perilaku, perlu diperhatikan dalam merumuskan WHP secara multilevel. Hal ini dijadikan sebagai acuan memodifikasi perilaku yang akan dituju. Selanjutnya, prinsip memilih strategi dan metode perubahan perilaku, disesuaikan dengan level sasaran yang diintervensi. Secara keseluruhan, prinsip-prinsip ini dirumuskan dalam sebuah acuan program WHP secara komprehensif dan dilaksanakan dengan efektif dan efisien di tempat kerja. Artikel ini dapat menjadi acuan bagi pihak yang akan mengimplementasikan WHP dengan pendekatan perubahan perilaku secara multilevel. Kata kunci: promosi kesehatan di tempat kerja, intervensi multilevel, perilaku sehat AbstractThe consequences of the diseases that are often occured on workers is a huge loss for the company and the workers. In order to overcome the problem of disease, workplace health promotion (WHP)