RESUMoEste estudo teve como objetivo apreender as representações sociais de mães sobre o cuidar materno diante do filho prematuro. Participaram AbStRActThe objective of this study was to identify the social representations of mothers regarding the maternal care provided to a premature child. The participants were 30 mothers of premature infants, who attended three early stimulation classes in Jequié-BA. The Free Words Association Test was used for data collection. Participants were asked to say five words about provision of maternal care to the premature child and to rank the words according to importance. The data were processed using EVOC 2003, generating a four-place chart. In the upper left corner, the words love and affection appeared; in the upper right, anguish, attention, affection, and patience; in the lower left, fear and prevention; and in the lower right, joy, devotion, dependence, difficulty, experience, protection, responsibility, and overcoming. Love and care appear to be the center of the representations. Love refers to the exercise of the mother role. Care may represent the wish to find improvements for their child.
This study aimed at analyzing the social representations of gender violence by family members. A qualitative study based upon the Theory of Social Representations. The free word association test was undertaken by 81 relatives of women who suffered gender violence registered in Family Health Units of Jequié, Bahia. The data were submitted to correspondence factorial analysis in the Tri-deux-mots software. The relatives' representation of gender violence is rooted in unequal gender relations observed in the hierarchy of social relations between the man and the women, which legitimizes gender violence. Younger relatives highlighted the sexist attitudes while those aged 40 years and older highlighted the role of women as caregivers. Evangelical relatives emphasized the subordination of women while relatives who follow other religions emphasized the suffering. We emphasize the need to implement actions to address violence considering these representations in the healthcare services.
Objective: To know the structure of the social representations of older people regarding disability in old age. Methods: This is a qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive study based on the theory of social representations. Participants was twenty-two elderly people aged 60 or older, of both sexes, who have some physical disability acquired in adulthood, registered in a center specializing in physical rehabilitation and hearing in Vitória da Conquista/BA. The instruments were a socio-biodemographic questionnaire and the free association of words test. Results: 110 free evocations, processed by EVOC software generating a four houses frame. The structure of social representation revealed that the acquisition of physical disability can produce dependence and sadness, but it must be faced and overcome. Conclusion: Knowing these representations is important to develop strategies to improve the quality of life and decrease the stigma of this population. resumen Objetivo: Conocer la estructura de las representaciones sociales de personas ancianas con respecto a la deficiencia física en la vejez. Métodos: Estudio cualitativo, exploratorio, descriptivo, fundamentado en la teoría de las representaciones sociales.Participaron 22 personas ancianas a partir de los 60 años, de ambos sexos, con deficiencia física adquirida en la fase adulta, registrados en un centro especializado en rehabilitación física y auditiva en Vitória da Conquista (BA). Los instrumentos aplicados fueron un cuestionario sociobiodemográfico y el test de asociación libre de palabras. Resultados: Resultaron 110 evocaciones libres, procesadas por el software EVOC generando un cuadro de cuatro casas. La estructura de la representación social reveló que la adquisición de la deficiencia física puede producir dependencia y tristeza, pero debe ser enfrentada y superada. Conclusión:Conocer esas representaciones es importante para el desarrollo de estrategias que visen mejorar la calidad de vida y disminuir el estigma de esa población.
Background Pain and oedema are common symptoms in patients with venous ulcers. Objectives To evaluate the benefits of lymphotherapy as an additional intervention to compression therapy in venous ulcer treatment. Methods Quasi‐experimental study comparing lymphotherapy in combination with compression therapy (intervention) to dressings alone (control) for venous ulcer treatment. The outcomes of the study were pain, oedema and healing. The sample comprised of 67 venous ulcer patients in total, with 31 allocated to the intervention group and 36 to the control group. The instruments included a sociodemographic form, physiotherapy assessment, numerical pain rating scale, Godet test and a wound contraction measurement. Results The intervention group demonstrated a significant reduction in pain intensity (P>0.001), oedema (P>0.001) and ulcer area (P=0.004), and a significant increase in ulcer contraction (P>0.001) when compared with the control group at the end of 6 months. Conclusions The intervention group showed a significant reduction in pain and oedema, and a significant improvement in wound healing when compared to the control group from the third month of treatment, thus confirming the benefits of this therapy.
Social representations of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis on confrontations with social and personal conflicts
A asfixia perinatal é caracterizada por acidose metabólica ou mista devido à falta de oxigenação e perfusão sanguínea nos tecidos, sendo esta uma das maiores causas de óbitos neonatais e de sequelas neurológicas em recém-nascidos. O objetivo deste trabalho é conhecer a prevalência de asfixia perinatal em recém-nascidos, caracterizando as variáveis maternas, fetais e do parto e quantificando a ocorrência dos óbitos neonatais por asfixia perinatal no Hospital Geral Prado Valadares (HGPV), no município de Jequié (BA). Metodologicamente, trata-se de estudo descritivo, seccional para levantamento da prevalência de asfixia perinatal em recém-nascidos no HGPV, no período de janeiro a junho de 2007. Osdados foram obtidos através das declarações dos nascidos vivos dos prontuários dos neonatos. Os resultados apontam que a prevalência da asfixia perinatal foi de 4,21% entre recém--nascidos; destes, 62,3% a termo, e peso ao nascer (56,6%) entre 2.500 a 3.999g. Para as variáveis maternas 90,8% eram solteiras, com média de idade de 22,63 anos (± 6,295), coma ocupação do lar (82,2%), e menos de 8 anos de estudo (61,8%). Destas mães, 53,9% eram primíparas, 76,3% tiveram parto vaginal e 50,0% realizaram de 4 a 6 consultas pré-natais.Concluiu-se que a alta prevalência encontrada no estudo aponta a necessidade de atenção para os nascimentos no HGPV.
O objetivo do estudo foi identificar e sintetizar a literatura sobre os fatores de risco para Pneumonia Associada à Ventilação Mecânica em pacientes internados em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva. Trata-se de uma revisão da literatura do tipo Revisão de Escopo conforme orientações propostas pelo Joanna Briggs Institute e seguindo por base o direcionamento do PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews). Identificou-se 23 fatores de risco para evolução de Pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica. Os principais fatores identificados incluem: maior tempo de internação hospitalar, abordagem à via aérea, tempo em ventilação mecânica invasiva, gravidade da doença primária e uso prolongado de antibióticos. Quanto aos níveis de evidências, o nível 3, predominou dentre as produções e apenas um estudo desenvolvido com modelo experimental. Dessa forma, conclui-se que é necessário a realização de ensaios clínicos que possam elucidar, diante da abordagem de comparação intergrupos, os diferentes fatores de risco, bem como avaliar os possíveis fatores de proteção ao desenvolvimento de Pneumonia associada à ventilação Mecânica.
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