The current study was conducted on the detection of Tritrichomonas foetus in vaginal mucus of infected cows using conventional polymerase chain reaction technique (cPCR) in Nineveh province, Iraq. A total of 87 vaginal mucus samples were collected randomly from the vagina of Heifer cows of different ages (2-4, >4-6, >6 years old) and stages of pregnancy with different clinical status (early embryonic death, pyometra, abortion and healthy animals once) by washing cow's vagina using artificial insemination pipette, DNA extraction of T. foetus was done from vaginal mucus samples, cPCR was attempt using TFR3 and TFR4 primers, Results indicated that 11 cows (12.6 %) were positive for T. foetus. The clinical status of cows demonstrated statistically significant (P<0.05) a higher percentage of Early Embryonic Death at (6.9%) compared to pyometra, abortion, and healthy cows. Furthermore, the percentage of T. foetus infection was significantly (P<0.05) elevated among cows (>2-4 years old) at (8%) compared to (>4-6 years old) and (>6 years old) cows. This study concluded that T. foetus infection was an elevated percentage of infection in cows with early embryonic death and in cows (>2-4) years old. This study is the first detected T. foetus in cattle in Nineveh province.
Coccidiosis is an important diseases with economic impact to the small ruminants in the world, the main problem occurs in the young's animals. Species of Eimeria including Eimeria ovinoidalis, Eimeria ahsata and Eimeria bakuensis in sheep, and Eimeria arloingi, Eimeria ninakohlyaki movae and. Eimeria christenseni in goats. Clinical coccidiosis occurs mainly in the age 4-6 months, the main symptom is dehydration, as result of diarrhea, abdominal pain and weight loss, listlessness. Degree the tissue effect depend on the infection dose of oocysts, stress, species of Eimeria and factors related to the host such as age, genetic susceptibility and physical condition and degree of immune status of host, the most common gross lesions are thick in wall of the intestin and nodules formation. Therefore the aims of the review was to show the Eimeria species in sheep and goats and demonstrated history, classification, pathogenesis, life cycle, Epidemiology of parasite, clinical signs, diagnosis and treatment of coccidiosis.
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