Context: The increase in reactive oxygen species production in hypercholesterolemia can degrade polyunsaturated fatty acids and form malondialdehyde (MDA). There is a need for a natural alternative treatment, such as Lissachatina fulica chitosan. Aims: To analyze the potential of Lissachatina fulica chitosan in increasing the superoxide dismutase (SOD) level, reducing lipid profile, and MDA level of male Wistar rats with hypercholesterolemia model. Methods: The male Wistar rats were divided into six groups (n = 4): P0 (normal control); P1-P5 fed a high-fat diet for four weeks. P1 were treated with fed with a high-fat diet; P2 were treated with ezetimibe of 0.18 mg/200 g BW; P3, P4, and P5 Groups; fed with a high-fat diet and Lissachatina fulica chitosan of 100 mg, 200 mg, and 300 mg/200g BW, respectively. The lipid profile was conducted in rat blood samples by using the CHOP-PAP method, the MDA analysis using the TBARS test, and SOD assay analysis using a kit. Results: The results reveal that the treatment Lissachatina fulica chitosan (300 mg/200 g BW) was significantly effective (p<0.05) to decrease in total cholesterol level (96.7 ± 1.9 mg/dL), triglyceride (75.6 ± 1.6 mg/dL), LDL (29.8 ± 2.5 mg/dL), and MDA (1.2 ± 0.1 nmol/mL) as well as a significant increase (p<0.05) in HDL level (75.0 ± 1.7 mg/dL) and SOD (74.6 ± 2.1 unit/mL). Conclusions: Lissachatina fulica chitosan can reduce total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, and MDA, and increase HDL and SOD levels.
Snails are often found in Indonesia, especially at Kediri, but the snail shell has no commercial value. This research report describes the characterization and antioxidant activity of chitosan from snail shell waste (chitosan-SSW) by ultrasonic technique and analyzes the potential of chitosan as an inhibitor of receptors of free radicals using an in silico molecular docking method. Characterization of chitosan-SSW was performed to analyze the content of water, protein, and functional groups as well as molecular weight, particle size, mor-phology, antioxidant activity, and in silico molecular docking. We found that chitosan-SSW with ultrasonic treatment had a high degree of deacetylation (DD) and high molecular weight (MW). The characteristic of chitosan-SSW was found to be as follows: water content of 0.43 %, protein content of 1.59 %, molecular weight of 2.198 kDa, and deacetylation degree value of 79.50 %. Importantly, chitosan-SSW had high antioxidant activity to potentially reduce free radical of DPPH with IC50 value of 2.44 µg/mL. Chitosan is predicted to have the potential as an inhibitor of lipoxygenase, CYP2C9, and NADPH-oxidase.
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