National research diversity is explored through the balance of global and national papers in journal categories in the Web of Science (WoS) and Essential Science Indicators (ESI) and we examine the consequences of ‘normalising’ national publication counts against global baselines. Global balance across subject categories became more even as annual WoS indexing grew fourfold between 1981 and 2018, with a relative shift from biomedicine towards environment and technology. Change at country level may have tracked this or been influenced by local policy and funding. We discuss choice of methods and indices for analysis: WoS categories provide better granularity than ESI; Lorenz curves are explored but found limiting; the Pratt index, Gini coefficient and Shannon diversity are compared. At national level, balance generally increases and is greatest in non-Anglophone countries, perhaps due to shifts in language and journal use. Two aspects of national change are revealed: the balance of actual WoS paper counts; and the balance of counts normalised against world baseline. The broad patterns for these analyses are similar but normalised data indicate relatively greater evenness. National patterns link to research capacity and regional networking opportunities whilst international collaboration may blend national differences. A dataset is provided for analytical use.
So, though I agree with Dr. McCormack in what must take place to save general practice and that conditions of work are allimportant, I fear that the majority, as always, will be hoodwinked again, but on this occasion for the last time.-I am, etc., Knebworth, COLIN P. JUNIPER. Hertfordshire. Research on Deafness in Children SIR,-The National Deaf Children's Society is very interested in every aspect of scientific research into problems connected with deafness in children, and is anxious to encourage it in every way. For this pur
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