Abstract-Flipped instruction or a flipped classroom is a form of blended learning in which students learn new content online by watching video lectures, usually at home, and what used to be homework (assigned problems) is now done in class with teachers offering more personalized guidance and interaction with students, instead of lecturing. This is also known as backwards classroom, flipped classroom, reverse teaching, and the Thayer Method. In our study, thirty percent of the course content was flipped. Results on two of the courses used as pilot will be presented and discussed.Index Terms-Flipped classroom, reverse teaching and backwards classroom.

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An investigation was performed on a new strain of genetically hypertensive mice to study those aspects of the renal glomerulus which have in the past been implicated in the etiology of renal parenchymal hypertension. Morphometric analyses were carried out utilizing a computerized graphic data analysing system on information obtained through transmission electron microscopy. Chronically hypertensive animals exhibited thinner basement membranes with numerous sub-epithelial focal thickenings, which were largely absent from the normotensive controls. No difference was noted in the width of the epithelial slit pores (interpedicelar spaces). The glomerular capillary loops of the hypertensive animals appeared otherwise unremarkable, as did the urinary space and parietal epithelium of Bowman's capsule. No evidence of renal parenchymal pathologies implicated in the etiology of systemic hypertension was observed, therefore, these animals would seem to be suitable models for human essential hypertension.

The Schlager genetically hypertensive mouse has been shown to be a valuable animal model with which to study human essential hypertension. Previous studies have characterized renal morphology, juxtaglomerular index, hematocrit, prostaglandin levels, brain catecholamines, social behavior, and patterns of inheritance. The present study continues the phenotypic characterization of this animal model. Using desiccation, isotope dilution, and clearance, the total body water, extracellular fluid volume, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in hypertensive and normotensive animals during normal postnatal development were measured. Additionally, using an electron microscopic tracer, the relative permeabilities of the glomerular filter in these animals were assessed. The data indicate a volume expansion in the young hypertensive animals along with a reduction in GFR. As the animals mature the volume expansion in the hypertensives subsides and is eventually reversed resulting in a lower than normal fluid volume level. The significance of the reduced GFR in the hypertensives is also diminished with age although not to the same degree as that of the fluid volume, The indication of a reduced glomerular permeability may account for the above in light of Guyton's cascade hypothesis.

Kidneys of genetically hypertensive and normotensive mice were studied with respect to kidney weight, number and volume of glomeruli, and filtration surface area. The hypertensive animals have a larger kidney weight to body weight ratio and possess fewer glomeruli per kidney. The superficial cortical glomeruli of the hypertensives are slightly smaller in volume than those of the normotensives although the filtration surface area is similar. The juxtamedullary glomeruli of the hypertensives are both smaller in volume and have less filtration surface area. The possible implications of these findings in the development and/or maintenance of hypertension are discussed.