Lupus nephritis (LN) has a high incidence in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, but there is a lack of sensitive predictive markers. The purpose of the study was to investigate the association between the CD4 + CD8 + double positive T (DPT) lymphocytes and LN. The study included patients with SLE without renal impairment (SLE-NRI), LN, nephritic syndrome (NS), or nephritis. Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry. Biochemical measurements were performed with peripheral blood in accordance with the recommendations proposed by the National Center for Clinical Laboratories. The proportions of DPT cells in the LN group were significantly higher than that in the SLE-NRI group ( t =4.012, P <0.001), NS group ( t =3.240, P =0.001), and nephritis group ( t =2.57, P =0.011). In the LN group, the risk of renal impairment increased significantly in a DPT cells proportion-dependent manner. The risk of LN was 5.136 times (95% confidence interval, 2.115–12.473) higher in cases with a high proportion of DPT cells than those whose proportion of DPT cells within the normal range. These findings indicated that the proportion of DPT cells could be a potential marker to evaluate LN susceptibility, and the interference of NS and nephritis could be effectively excluded when assessing the risk of renal impairment during SLE with DPT cell proportion.
Background: Lupus nephritis (LN) has a high incidence in Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, but there is a lack of sensitive predictive markers and mechanisms. The purpose of the study is to reveal the association between the CD4+CD8+ double positive T lymphocytes (DPT) and lupus nephritis (LN), and to investigate the immune mechanism of LN. Methods: The study is composed of 395 samples from the General Hospital of Western Theater Command. Collected patients include SLE, lupus nephritis (LN), nephritic syndrome (NS) and nephritis patients. Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were performed by the Flow cytometry method. Biochemical measurements were performed in accordance with the recommendations proposed by national center for clinical laboratories.Results: The proportions of DPT cells in LN group were significantly higher than in SLE group (t=4.012, p<0.001), NS group (t=3.240, p=0.001) and nephritis group (t=2.57, p=0.011). In LN group, the risk of kidney damage increased significantly in the DPT cell proportion dependent manner. In cases of high DPT cells proportion, the risk of LN was 5.136 times higher than when the proportion DPT cell was within the normal range. Moreover, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperuricemia were also independent risk factors.Conclusion: The proportion of DPT cells was a potential marker to evaluate LN susceptibility. When assessing the risk of kidney damage during SLE with DPT cell proportion, we can effectively exclude the interference of NS and nephritis.
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