In this study, results showed that the inhibition of PA-induced HepG2 cell growth takes place in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, that activation of caspase 9 is necessary for PA-induced HepG2 cell apoptosis, that dihydroceramide desaturase 1 (DES1) plays a key role in PA-mediated caspase 9 and caspase 3 activation, and that palmitoleic acid (POA), an omega-7 monounsaturated fatty acid, reverses PA-induced apoptosis through DES1 → Ceramide → Caspase 9 → Caspase 3 signaling.
Background:More people remain in the workforce into their late life as people’s life expectancy increases. This study examined the relationship between work stress and depressive symptoms of older workers in mainland China, focusing on the interplay between work stress with family and community factors in three (i.e., urban, rural, and migrant) settings.Methods:National representative survey data on the Chinese labor force collected by the Social Science Research Center of Sun-Yetsen University in 2014 were used. The sample consisted of 5,751 workers aged 50 and above recruited from 29 out of 31 provinces in mainland China.Results:Work stress had a consistent and robust effect on depressive symptoms across older worker groups. Moreover, it interacted with family and community factors differentially in three settings. For migrant older workers, work stress was a dominant factor affecting their depressive symptoms. Among rural older workers, the influence of work stress on depressive symptoms depended on their family debt and neighborhood cohesion levels.Conclusion:Stressors from work, family, and community comprised a general model that explains depressive symptoms in Chinese older workers. Interventions or service programs aimed at reducing work stress and improving mental health among older adults should consider the complexity of intertwining family and community dynamics as well as respective strengths in urban, rural, and migrant communities.
This study sheds light on distinctive roles of community factors in explaining rural-urban differences in depressive symptoms. Policies or programs should be designed to promote strengths and address weaknesses in rural communities.
To investigate the causal relationship between China's domestic tourism and economic growth, this paper performs co-integration analysis and Granger causality test by making use of annual time series data from 1984 to 2009. Co-integration analysis indicates that there are long-term and stable equilibrium relationships between the development of China's domestic tourism and economic growth. The results from the ECM model indicate that there are short-term disequilibrium relationship between the development of China's domestic tourism and economic growth. An adjustment mechanism from short term to long term in the relationship between the development of China's domestic tourism and economic growth can be found in the ECM model. In addition, bidirectional Granger causality between China's domestic tourism and economic growth is demonstrated. The development of China's domestic tourism is the Granger cause of economic growth, China's economic growth is the Granger cause of development of domestic tourism as well. Our findings imply that China may enhance its economic growth by strategically strengthening the tourism industry while not neglecting the other sectors which also promote growth.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.