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Nanotechnology and its allied modalities have brought revolution in tissue engineering and bone healing. The
research on translating the findings of the basic and preclinical research into clinical practice is ongoing. Advances in the
synthesis and design of nanomaterials along with advances in genomics and proteomics, and tissue engineering have
opened a bright future for bone healing and orthopedic technology. Studies have shown promising outcomes in design and
fabrication of porous implant substrates that can be exploited as bone defect augmentation and drug-carrier devices. However, there are dozens of applications in orthopedic traumatology and bone healing for nanometer-sized entities, structures, surfaces, and devices with characteristic lengths ranging from tens 10s of nanometers to a few micrometers. Nanotechnology has made promising advances in synthesis of scaffolds, delivery mechanisms, controlled modification of surface topography and composition, and biomicroelectromechanical systems. This study reviews the basic and translational
sciences and clinical implications of the nanotechnology in tissue engineering and bone diseases. Recent advances in NPs
assisted osteogenic agents, nanocomposites, and scaffolds for bone disorders are discussed.
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