Zeolites impregnated with Ni were successfully synthesized through wet impregnation using activated
natural zeolites (ANZs) and the nickel nitrate hexahydrate (Ni(NO3)2·6H2O) precursor at different
concentrations of 1%, 2% and 3% (w/w) (hereafter referred to as ANZ/Ni 1%, ANZ/Ni 2%, and
ANZ/Ni 3%). The synthesized products were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier
transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), surface area analyzer (SAA), scanning electron microscopy
(SEM), total acidity measurements by employing ammonia adsorption and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller
(BET) theory. The obtained catalysts were employed in the hydrocracking of waste cooking oils, and
the formed products were analyzed through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The
FTIR results indicated that ANZs impregnated with Ni can increase zeolite acidity. The test results of
total acidity revealed that 3% ANZ/Ni catalyst exhibited the maximum total acidity of 3.70 mmol/g.
XRD diffractogram confirmed the successful impregnation of Ni into ANZs, which was indicated by
the characteristic diffraction peaks appearing at 2θ of 9.75º, 13.41º, 19.56º, 22.25º, 25.61º, 27.66º and
31.91º. SEM analysis indicated that the particle size of zeolite catalysts was non-uniform, but these
catalysts exhibited a highly uniform surface after they were activated. Moreover, the ANZ catalysts
impregnated with different concentrations of Ni exhibited a highly uniform particle size. The ANZ/Ni
3% catalyst had small uniform particle. The BET results revealed that the ANZ/Ni 2% catalyst exhibited
the maximum pore volume and surface area and relatively smaller radii of pores. GC-MS was employed
to determine liquid products, and its results showed that the ANZ/Ni 3% catalyst had the maximum
amount of liquid products of 18%.
Bedhaya Rimbe dance was composed by Sultan Kanoman VIII of Sultan Raja Adipati (PRA) Dzoelkarnaen in 1960 and experienced revitalization in 1994 by Handoyo, an artist from among the people outside the palace environment. Considering that Bedhaya Rimbe dance has grown and developed for a long time and experienced a revitalization of its creation, this study aims to reveal the periodization and its creation as well as the classical cultural heritage of the Cirebon Kanoman Palace. This study uses method ethnochoreology theory combined with the theory of History. This research is an interdisciplinary study with a descriptive analysis method. The results obtained from this study are the History of Bedaya Dance,
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