Chaphamaparvovirus (CHPV) is a recently characterized genus of the Parvoviridae family whose members can infect different hosts, including bats, which constitute the second most diverse order of mammals and are described worldwide as important transmitters of zoonotic diseases. In this study, we identified a new CHPV in bat samples from the municipality of Santarém (Pará state, North Brazil). A total of 18 Molossus molossus bats were analyzed using viral metagenomics. In five animals, we identified CHPVs. These CHPV sequences presented the genome with a size ranging from 3797 to 4284 bp. Phylogenetic analysis-based nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the VP1 and NS1 regions showed that all CHPV sequences are monophyletic. They are also closely related to CHPV sequences previously identified in bats in southern and southeast Brazil. According to the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) classification criteria for this species (the CHPV NS1 gene region must have 85% identity to be classified in the same species), our sequences are likely a new specie within the genus Chaphamaparvovirus, since they have less than 80% identity with other CHPV described earlier in bats. We also make some phylogenetic considerations about the interaction between CHPV and their host. We suggest a high level of specificity of CPHV and its hosts. Thus, the findings contribute to improving information about the viral diversity of parvoviruses and show the importance of better investigating bats, considering that they harbor a variety of viruses that may favor zoonotic events.
Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática descritiva sobre a ocorrência de vírus em morcegos no território brasileiro, com base na pesquisa em bancos de dados sobre publicações científicas no período de 2000 a 2020. Foram consultadas as bases de dados: Pubmed, NCBI, ISI Web of Science, BIOSIS, Google Scholar e DbatVir. Após a seleção dos documentos obtidos, foram analisados 116 títulos que revelaram 43 espécies de morcegos do Brasil são hospedeiros de uma variedade de vírus representativa de 17 famílias. Houve maior registro do vírus rábico (Rhabdoviridae) e diversos coronavírus (Coronaviridae) isolados em morcegos de diferentes famílias. A pesquisa e o conhecimento sobre vírus de morcegos no Brasil está concentrada nas regiões sul e sudeste, o que contrasta com a baixa densidade de estudos na região norte, que por sua vez concentra a maior riqueza da quiropterofauna nacional. Os dados obtidos colocam o Brasil em destaque mundial como um hotspot para diversidade viral associada a morcegos e, são importantes para auxiliar políticas e programas de pesquisa visando interesse global prioritário em ecovigilância epidemiológica e saúde pública.
Os morcegos são reservatórios de uma diversidade de vírus. Dentre os viromas registrados em morcegos, os retrovírus estão entre as famílias de vírus mais significativas, pois causam infecção persistente nos animais. Relatórios recentes de retrovírus circulando em populações de morcegos tem identificado vários retrovírus de outros animais nesses mamíferos. Objetivou-se a partir de Metagenômica viral, identificar sequências retrovirais de interesse em Medicina Veterinária, em espécies de morcegos urbanos da Amazônia. A partir do Sequenciamento de Nova Geração (SNG) na Plataforma Illumina e baseado no BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool), analisamos 168 amostras (56 de sangue, 56 de swab oral e 56 de swab anal) de 56 morcegos das espécies Noctilio albiventris (n= 18), N. leporinus (n=1), Artibeus lituratus (n=13), Myotis sp. (n= 6) e Molossus molossus (n=18). Como resultado observamos que quatro gêneros de retrovírus tiveram leituras, sendo eles: Alpharetrovirus, Betaretrovirus, Gammaretrovirus e Lentivirus. Os pools de swab oral apresentaram mais número contigs virais identificados por similaridade no BLAST. As sequências retrovirais totais foram: Duck infectious anemia virus, Feline leukemia virus, Gibbon ape leukemia virus, Avian leukosis virus, Reticuloendotheliosis virus, Feline mmunodeficiency virus, Mason Pfizer monkey virus, Enzootic nasal tumour virus of goat e Simian retrovirus Y. Mostramos a partir de nossa análise metagenômica, que há circulação de retrovírus de outros reservatórios, como felinos, ovinos e aves, na quiropterofauna da região e reportamos tais registros com o intuito de alertar sobre a vigilância permanente de morcegos para novos retrovírus e investigações de características biológicas e potencial infeccioso de tais vírus.
Entre as anomalias cardíacas, a Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica (CMH) tem sido descrita como a doença mais comum em animais de companhia, e caracteriza-se por alterações anatômicas que levam ao aumento das fibras contráteis miocárdicas, proporcionando assim o aumento total do músculo cardíaco e a sua disfunção. Dada sua importância clínica e capacidade de levar o paciente à morte súbita, objetivamos relatar um caso de cardiomiopatia hipertrófica em cão, abordando seus aspectos clínicos e anatomopatológicos. Um cão macho de 9 meses de idade, da raça Spitz Alemão anão, foi atendido em uma Clínica Veterinária na cidade de Santarém - PA, com queixa clínica de mal súbito, após ser liberado para recreação em hotel Pet. A avaliação física mostrou dispneia, cianose, rigidez dos membros, taquicardia (210bpm) e temperatura de 37,8ºC. Após os cuidados iniciais, o paciente teve parada cardiorrespiratória, e mesmo com protocolo de reanimação, o paciente veio a óbito. Foi realizada necropsia, onde foram encontradas alterações cardíacas típicas de CMH e infarto agudo do miocárdio. Observou-se que a CMH causa inúmeras alterações anatômicas no coração, onde o aumento da espessura da musculatura ventricular e de septo, são as modificações mais marcantes durante o exame necroscópico e causa ou não, sinais clínicos ao portador dessa enfermidade. Quase sempre a CMH leva a disfunções cardíacas que vão desde a diminuição do débito cardíaco, até a formação de trombos e infarto do miocárdio por complicações vasculares da rede de vasos coronarianos, causando morte súbita do animal, como pode ser visto no presente relato.
Background: Descemetocele is a lesion on the descemet’s membrane most often caused by very deep ulcerations in the cornea, where the epithelium, basement membrane and stroma layers are exposed, leading to a distortion of the cornealstructure. Because it is an injury whose evolution can lead to loss of vision, Descemetocele is considered a surgical emergency because, within the various techniques adopted, there is always an attempt to preserve the ocular bulb. Thus, the adoption of various reconstructive keratoplasty procedures have been described in descemet’s membrane repair and ocular perforations of varying degrees of extension. In this surgical technique, tissue fragments (autogenous, autologous or xenologous) are usually used, the surgical method being defined according to the degree of injury (partial or total) and the amount of tissue required to be replaced. The aim of this study was to report a case of Keratoplasty with a third eyelid covering for descemetocele correction with corneal perforation in a domestic cat.Case: A 2-year-old feline female was treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the University of Amazonia (UNAMA), presenting a traumatic ocular lesion with evolution of more than 25 days, refractory to treatment as eye drops. The ophthalmologic examination revealed presence of extravasated polymerized necrotic tissue in the cornea of the left eye, with Descemetocele as diagnosis. The treatment indicated was Reconstructive Keratoplasty without graft with third eyelid coating. As an anesthetic protocol, MPA was used with acepromazine, ketamine hydrochloride as the inducing agent and isoflurane in mask vaporization for the maintenance of the anesthetic plane. After preparation of the patient, the surgical procedure consisted of excision with a scalpel blade of the necrotic tissue, exposure of the endothelial layer and suture of the cornea with Vincryl®, in a simple discontinuous pattern. The third eyelid flap was then recovered by traction and fixation of the lesion in the direction of its movement, using the discontinuous (U-shaped) Wolf suture with Vincryl®. For the postoperative period cephalexin 30.0 mg kg-1 BID was prescribed for 10 days and ketoprofen 2.0 mg kg-1 SID was prescribed for 4 days and the use of Elizabethan collar was recommended. After 20 days, the animal returned and the corneal integrity returned.Discussion: Many inflammatory and infectious conditions can cause Descemetocele. In the case presented here, among these conditions, trauma with secondary bacterial infection, leading to chronic corneal ulceration was determinant for the appearance of this disease. The main therapeutic goal in these cases is to provide support from the Descemetocele area to prevent imminent leakage of the aqueous humor. Tissue adhesives, therapeutic contact lenses (TBCLs), membrane transplantation, among other techniques, have been reported for the treatment of this disease. In the case of the feline in question, the surgical therapy of Keratoplasty was adopted, a technique recommended for the correction of corneal damage. The coating with the third eyelid set in the Keratoplasty for Descemetocele correction was already described in cats and also followed in the present study. Severe complications after surgical treatment of descemetocele with corneal perforation may occur, however, during the treatment instituted in the feline patient, the method was completely successful.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.