To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of TCSV in Puerto Rico and the first report of TCSV infection of jimsonweed from any location. The identification of this solanaceous weed as a TCSV host has implications for its management in Puerto Rico, Caribbean, and Florida vegetable production. Accepted for publication 25 June 2012. Published 12 August 2013.
Greenhouse tests were conducted to evaluate the effect of iprodione (Rovral®), fosetyl-AI (Alliete®), triadimephon (Bayleton 50DF®), SoilGard® (Gliocladium virens), pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) (Terraclor®), copper hydroxide (Champion®), benomyl (Benlate 50WP®) and "Garlic Barrier" in the population of Rhizoctonia solani and Myrothecium roridum. The most promising fungicides were evaluated at different dosages (X/2, X and 2X) to determine seedling protection and toxicity. Pentachloronitrobenzene, benomyl and iprodione were the most effective in reducing the population of ft solant in the inoculated soil with 93, 75 and 70% of inhibition, respectively. A phytotoxicity effect was observed in coffee seedlings treated with the double dosage of PCNB. The effect of fungicides was minimal in the reduction of the propagules of M. roridum when compared to the control although benomyl and triadimephon protected the seedlings against this pathogen.
Suitable levels of inoculum of Rhizoctonia solani and Myrothecium roridum for the induction of symptoms in coffee (Coffea arabica L.) seedlings were determined in greenhouse tests based on the percentage of seedling mortality and disease incidence. Best inoculum level for R. solani and M. roridum was 15 and 10%, respectively. Myrothecium roridum was more virulent than R. solani, and thus caused higher mortality of coffee seedlings. For both pathogens, as the inoculum concentration increased, the dry weight of plants decreased. A direct positive relation between incidence of the disease and concentration of the inoculum was detected, it was found that R. solani is more persistent than M. roridum in the inoculated soil.
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