A direct and facile method for micro-landscaping of Ag nanoparticles on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is presented. This method employs a focused laser beam to achieve local reduction of Ag(+) ions to Ag NPs by laser irradiation on a GO film that is submerged in AgNO3 solution. Using this method, the Ag nanoparticles can be directly anchored on a rGO film, creating a microlandscape of Ag nanoparticles on the rGO film. In addition, varying the intensity of the laser beam can control the shapes, sizes and distributions of Ag nanoparticles. The resulting hybrid materials exhibit surface enhanced Raman scattering of up to 16 times depending on the size and number density of silver nanoparticles. In addition, the hybrid Ag-rGO material shows superior photoresponse when compared to rGO.
Many important technological advances have been made in the use of nanotechnology in electroanalysis in recent years. Coupled with the development of electroanalytical techniques for the detection of a wide variety of analytes, a lot of effort has been put into realizing accurate, sensitive, selective, and robust electrochemical assays and sensing devices for both laboratory and point‐of‐care applications. The use of metal oxide nanoparticles, in particular, has led to improvements in sensitivity, selectivity, and multiplexing capacity for the analysis of proteins, nucleic acids, as well as small molecules such as glucose and hydrogen peroxide. This article reviews the progress in the research and development of metal oxide nanoparticle‐based electroanalytical methods with an emphasis on their mechanism, performance and applications together with some discussion on challenges and perspectives in this exciting field.
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