El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el crecimiento de Trichoderma asperellum en medio sólido utilizando como única fuente de carbono a los plaguicidas cipermetrina (piretroide) y clorpirifos (organofosforado). Para este propósito, se realizaron cultivos de T. asperellum sobre el medio Agar Mínimo de Sales, los cuales tenían como únicas fuentes de carbono a los plaguicidas cipermetrina (480 ppm) y clorpirifos (250 ppm). Posteriormente los cultivos fueron incubados a 25 ºC por 5 días. Finalmente se calcularon las velocidades de crecimiento. El control tuvo como única fuente de carbono a la glucosa. Los resultados muestran que T. asperellum puede crecer en ambos medios utilizando a los plaguicidas como una sola fuente de carbono y en cuanto a sus velocidades de crecimiento fueron 2.88 ± 0.05 mm/día (cipermetrina) y 2.74 ± 0.05 mm/día (clorpirifos). En conclusión, T. asperellum es capaz de utilizar a los plaguicidas cipermetrina y clorpirifos mediante procesos catabólicos y tiene el potencial de ser usado en biorremediación de plaguicidas de suelos contaminados.
Agricultural waste negatively impacts the environment and generates economic difficulties for agro-industrial companies and farmers. As a result, it is necessary for an eco-friendly and sustainable alternative to managing this type of waste. Therefore, the research aimed to investigate lettuce waste as an alternative substrate to generate bioelectricity in single-chamber microbial fuel cells (scMFCs). It was possible to report voltage and electric current peaks of 0.959 ± 0.026 V and 5.697 ± 0.065 mA on the fourteenth day, values that were attained with an optimum pH of 7.867 ± 0.147 and with an electrical conductivity of 118.964 ± 8.888 mS/cm. Moreover, as time passed the values began to decline slowly. The calculated value of maximum power density was 378.145 ± 5.417 mW/cm2 whose current density was 5.965 A/cm2, while the internal resistance reported using Ohm’s Law was 87.594 ± 6.226 Ω. Finally, it was possible to identify the Stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacterium (99.59%) on a molecular scale, as one of the microorganisms present in the anodic biofilm. The three microbial fuel cells were connected in series and demonstrated that they were capable of lighting an LED bulb, with a voltage of 2.18 V.
Potential use of organic waste and microalgae generates bioelectricity and thereby reduces harmful effects on the environment. These residues are used due to their high content of electron-generating microorganisms. However, so far, they have not been used simultaneously. Therefore, this research uses mango waste and microalgae Spirulina sp. in double-chamber microbial fuel cells to generate bioelectricity. The cells were made at a laboratory scale using zinc and copper electrodes, achieving a maximum current and voltage of 7.5948 ± 0.3109 mA and 0.84546 ± 0.314 V, with maximum electrical conductivity of the substrate being 157.712 ± 4.56 mS/cm and an optimum operating pH being 5.016 ± 0.086. The cells showed a low internal resistance of approximately 205.056 ± 25 Ω, and a maximum power density of 657.958 ± 21.114 mW/cm2 at a current density of 4.484 A/cm2. This research provides an excellent opportunity for mango farmers and exporting and importing companies because they can use their own waste to reduce their electricity costs when this prototype is brought to a large scale.
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