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This chapter traces the evolution and strengthening of the provincial administration as the executive’s instrument of maintaining control from the political center to the local level, which the state has used intensively to intervene in the body politic. The administration has been the eyes and ears of the state—and the president—from 1963 up until the new Constitution was promulgated in 2010. The new Constitution’s attempt to restructure the provincial administration and limit its reach and capability did not come to fruition, as the state succeeded in retaining and consolidating its powers. Therefore, the provincial administration will continue to be the backbone of the state for a long time to come.

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