Negative energy balance alters global gene expression and immune responses in the uterus of postpartum dairy cows.

The use of subcutaneous catheter devices has increased over the past two decades along with its associated infections. One of the complications is infective endocarditis (IE), which usually occurs on the valves of the heart. However, IE can rarely occur on the atrial septal wall. The most common pathogens associated with catheter-related IE are staphylococcus bacteria, and it is rarely caused by fungi. We present a case of a 75-year-old Caucasian female with infective endocarditis located on the right side of the atrial septum, caused by Candida albicans due to the use of a subcutaneous catheter port. We will discuss the diagnostic criteria and treatment plan for this patient and other treatment options available for these cases. To our knowledge, a similar case was reported in Brazil, but this is the first reported case in the United States of catheter-related infective endocarditis of the right atrial septal wall due to Candida albicans.

Metformin is the first line management for patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metformin-induced lactic acidosis (MALA) is a severe side effect of metformin in high doses. However, there have not been many reported cases of MALA. The threshold metformin concentration needed to induce lactic acidosis is still not fully understood. It is important for physicians to measure metformin levels upon admission in Type 2 diabetes patients who take metformin and present with suspected lactic acidosis. We present a case of a 40-year-old Caucasian male who presented with severe lactic acidosis shortly after overdosing on metformin.

Ijaz et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY 3.0., which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

We present a 37-year-old male patient with a mature teratoma of the right testicle with a focus of embryonal carcinoma. This patient’s tumor metastasized radically to the retroperitoneum, right adrenal gland, bilateral lungs, and liver. A metastatic teratoma with embryonal carcinoma in males is a very rare case. We will describe our patient’s case, diagnostic workup, and management in detail, in addition to reviewing the related literature.