BackgroundAdolescent pregnancy has been persistently high in sub-Saharan Africa. The objective of this review is to identify factors influencing adolescent pregnancies in sub-Saharan Africa in order to design appropriate intervention program.MethodsA search in MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of science, and Google Scholar databases with the following keywords: determinants, factors, reasons, sociocultural factors, adolescent pregnancy, unintended pregnancies, and sub- Saharan Africa. Qualitative and cross-sectional studies intended to assess factors influencing adolescent pregnancies as the primary outcome variable in sub- Saharan Africa were included. Our search was limited to, articles published from the year 2000 to 2017 in English. Twenty-four (24) original articles met the inclusion criteria.ResultsThe study identified Sociocultural, environmental and Economic factors (Peer influence, unwanted sexual advances from adult males, coercive sexual relations, unequal gender power relations, poverty, religion, early marriage, lack of parental counseling and guidance, parental neglect, absence of affordable or free education, lack of comprehensive sexuality education, non-use of contraceptives, male’s responsibility to buy condoms, early sexual debut and inappropriate forms of recreation). Individual factors (excessive use of alcohol, substance abuse, educational status, low self-esteem, and inability to resist sexual temptation, curiosity, and cell phone usage). Health service-related factors (cost of contraceptives, Inadequate and unskilled health workers, long waiting time and lack of privacy at clinics, lack of comprehensive sexuality education, misconceptions about contraceptives, and non-friendly adolescent reproductive services,) as influencing adolescent pregnancies in Sub-Saharan AfricaConclusionHigh levels of adolescent pregnancies in Sub-Saharan Africa is attributable to multiple factors. Our study, however, categorized these factors into three major themes; sociocultural and economic, individual, and health service related factors as influencing adolescent pregnancies. Community sensitization, comprehensive sexuality education and ensuring girls enroll and stay in schools could reduce adolescent pregnancy rates. Also, provision of adolescent-friendly health services in schools and healthcare centers and initiating adolescent empowerment programs could have a positive impact.

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic affects all age groups and presents differently in children from adults. Children who contract the virus while suffering from cancer may face unique health challenges than their counterparts. This study aimed to investigate the perspectives of children with cancer and their family in this era of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods In this qualitative study, a total of 21 participants were interviewed. They include five children, thirteen mothers, a father and three pediatric oncology nurses. The study setting was a Pediatric Hospital in Tehran, Iran. Results Three main themes were identified through thematic analysis. 1) Swinging on the path of fear to adaptation, 2) Left-alone at emotional distances, 3) Care system confusion, and decreased quality of care. Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic has burdened children living with cancer and their families in varying ways. Their experiences show a new insight on how to improve their quality of life during these difficult times.

AimsThis current study aimed to present a review of the challenges and facilitators of professional socialization among undergraduate nursing students.DesignSystematic review.MethodsA literature search was conducted in Embase, Google Scholar, PubMed and Scopus in April and May 2018 for studies published in the English language. Four thousand three hundred fifty‐two articles were retrieved. We conducted further screening for full‐text articles after discarding duplicates and irrelevant studies. Finally, eight studies were included. The Joanna Briggs appraisal tools were used to appraise and evaluate study quality. The PRISMA guidelines were followed and a narrative synthesis used for data analysis.ResultsChallenges and facilitators of professional socialization were identified and categorized into two major themes. Under each theme, results were grouped into three sub‐themes: professional, personal and educational challenges/facilitators.