The results demonstrated the need for educational interventions to increase the awareness of parents about antibiotics to reduce inappropriate use and its consequences.

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Introduction:The main leading cause of the upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) is viral infection. However, parental attitudes often lead to inappropriate prescription of antibiotics contributing to development of antibiotic resistance. The aim of this study is to assess parental knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards the use of antibiotics in Dubai and to reveal the associated factors.Method: Questionnaires were distributed to 500 parents of children who were visiting Al Jalila Children's Specialty Hospital in Dubai.Result: A total of 467 subjects agreed to participate in the study. Family income, educational level, nationality, age of the respondents, and numbers of children were identified as factors that significantly associated with inadequate knowledge, negative attitude, or malpractice. Conclusion:The study has identified key factors associated with misuse of URTI antibiotics and highlights the importance of targeting those groups with intervention programs and campaigns to increase awareness and decrease misconception of antibiotic use.

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Background Influenza viruses usually circulate worldwide annually from the late fall through the early spring. Although most people with influenza recover without sequelae, it can cause serious illness and death, particularly among older adults, very young children, pregnant women, and those with certain chronic medical conditions. Aim of the study To describe the knowledge, attitudes, and practice of Al Jalila Children's Specialty Hospital healthcare workers toward influenza vaccination during 2016–2017 and understand their relative importance in promoting influenza vaccine uptake. Method A validated survey self-administered questionnaire was distributed to healthcare workers at AJCH. A descriptive analysis was performed, including an evaluation of associations using the chi-square test, and an alpha level of 0.05 was considered significant. Results The questionnaire was distributed to 350 healthcare workers, and 263 (76%) of them completed the survey. Among the responders, 63% answered that they were not vaccinated for seasonal flu in both years, 32% answered that they were vaccinated once, in either 2016 or 2017, and only 5% answered that they were vaccinated during both years. The analysis of results by gender indicates that influenza vaccination uptake in both years (2016 and 2017) was more common in females than in males. Despite a higher educational level, influenza vaccination remained low among physician, nurses, and postgraduate workers. Conclusion The healthcare workers' knowledge of influenza disease does not reflect their knowledge, attitude, and practice toward influenza vaccination. These results highlight the important predictors that must be targeted to promote hospital awareness campaigns to improve their practice and attitude, which could result in increasing seasonal influenza vaccine uptake.