This study investigated the level of labor protection as per the international labor contract. Thus, the way applicable law is applied to international labor relations in Jordan and other Arab countries such as Kuwait and Bahrain, and Rome I Regulation were discussed (Council of the European Union, 2008). This was done to evaluate labor protection in Jordan compared to the other countries. Attempts were made to raise the problem, delineate the ongoing situation in Jordan, and suggest suitable solutions. The analytical method, and the survey of judiciary literature and relevant legal documents showed labor protection in Jordan is not suitable. This is because the Jordanian judiciary is contradictory regarding the interpretation of occurrences related to determining the applicable law, for there are no clear, explicit legal provisions in this regard. It was also suggested that the Jordanian legislator intervenes to protect the labor and provides legal regulations on the application of law. This study has provided the fertile soil for beneficiaries to enhance labor protection to make it conform to international standards, and for future research to aim at this purpose, and deal with labor rights in remote work or work performed in more than one country.
Objective. The technology of in vitro fertilization (IVF) opened a new era in the treatment of infertility but at the same time it created new challenges for civil and international private law. This concerns the issues of determining and/or acquiring child citizenship and legal conflicts associated with this. Materials and methods. This study examines the aspects of obtaining UAE citizenship through the study of the UAE Citizenship Law and the principle of jus sanguinis (right of blood) when citizenship is acquired by a parent’s nationality. The research aims to identify whether the current legislative regulation of the UAE meets the current challenges in the field of family relations against the backdrop of new medical advances in IVF. The paper considers the aspects of the UAE legal regulation in the scope of family law relationships. The above issues were considered from the critical evaluation prospects taking into account the potential ways for their improvement. Results and Discussion. The problems associated with determining the citizenship for those born as a result of IVF are the subject of discussion, while, as practice shows, the law often does not keep pace with the development of reproductive technologies. Based on the analysis of legal regulation and practice, the study summarizes the grounds for obtaining UAE citizenship by children conceived through IVF and refusals to obtain it. Conclusion. The paper recommends mitigating the requirement of proof of paternity as a condition to grant the nationality to an IVF child, especially in the case of purely medical errors in which father has no responsibility. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 22 No. 03 July’23 Page : 676-686
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