The Agung Mosque is part of the Surakarta Hadiningrat Palace serving for the development of Islamic proselytizing and the preservation of religious traditions. The Agung Mosque has a significant role in the development of religious traditions and the center for the preservation of Javanese Islamic culture. The Agung Mosque is in the form of a tajug, meaning that the main teachings of Islam include: faith, Islam, and ikhsan. The Agung Mosque has many religious traditions resulting from Islamic acculturation and Javanese culture such as Sekaten, Grebeg Besar, Grebeg Poso, and Grebeg Syawal. That religious tradition is still preserved today to teach moderate religion "sak madya." Its existence is to shape the character of society according to religious teachings and uphold the identity of the nation, especially Javanese culture. The Agung Mosque is trying to find a meeting point for Javanese religion and culture. The Agung Mosque believes that the religion of the future is a religion that can dialogue between texts, culture, humanity, and nationality so that there are no socio-religious conflicts in Indonesia. If there is a social conflict, religion has lost its ar-uh al-insaniyah and the principle of washatiyah because it displays only a dogmatic face and a fundamental character. The Agung Mosque is the frontline for tafaqquh fi-ad-din so that there is no cultural shock, strengthening religious understanding, and encouraging religious moderation in the midst of the plural life of the Surakarta community by prioritizing four things: national commitment, tolerance, anti-violence, and accommodation to local culture.
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