Summary The uptake, retention and effects of aluminium chloro sulphonated phthalocyanine (AlSPc) were measured in two cell lines, UV-2237 a murine fibrosarcoma and the non-tumorigenic NIH/3T3 fibroblast line.

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Virus inactivation in red blood cell concentrates (RBCC) is being studied in order to increase the safety of the blood supply. For this purpose we have been studying the silicon phthalocyanine (Pc 4), a photosensitizer activated with red light. Two approaches were used to achieve enhanced selectivity of Pc 4 for virus inactivation. One was formulation of Pc 4 in liposomes that reduce its binding to red cells. The other was the use of a light emitting diode (LED) array emitting at 700 nm. Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) infectivity served as an endpoint for virus kill in treated RBCC. Red cell hemolysis and circulatory survival in rabbits served as measures for red cell damage. Treatment of small aliquots of human RBCC with 2 μM Pc 4 in liposomes and 10 J/cm2 of 700 nm LED light in the presence of the quenchers of reactive oxygen species glutathione and trolox resulted in 6 log10 inactivation of VSV. Under these conditions hemolysis of treated red cells stored at 4 °C for 21 days was only slightly above that of control cells. Rabbit RBCC similarly treated circulated with a half life of 7.5 days compared with 10.5 days of control. It is concluded that Pc 4 used as described here may be useful for viral decontamination of RBCC, pending toxicological and clinical studies. © 1999 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.

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Summary The problem of relying solely on in vitro data to predict photosensitiser efficacy was demonstrated by examining the uptake and the ability to mediate photocytotoxicity of mono-, di-, tri-and tetra-suphonated species of chloroaluminium phthalocyanine (AISI4Pc)

Abstract. A series of phthalocyanine (Pc) dyes were screened for their ability to photosensitise murine embryonic fibroblasts or fibrosarcoma cells. Cells were cultured in the presence of the dyes for 24 h. following which they were irradiated with either room light or red light and cultured for a further 72‐h period. Eleven water‐insoluble Pc (including a free‐base Pc) and 6 water‐soluble sulfonated derivatives were screened in this fashion. Free base (H2), copper (Cu), copper di‐. tri‐, tetra‐sulfonated (CuS2, CuS3. CuS4), fiuoro chromium (FCr), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), palladium tetra‐sulfonated (PdS4). nickel (Ni) and nickel tetra‐sulfonated (NiS4)Pc dyes had no cytotoxic activity in these assays under conditions of either room‐light or red‐light exposure. Magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn) and zirconium (Zr) Pc dyes were highly toxic to cells, producing 0% survival at 72 h, following exposure to both light sources. In contrast, chloro aluminum (C1AI). chloro aluminum sulfonated (C1A1S) and dichloro tin (Cl2Sn) Pc dyes exhibited differential phototoxicity, producing total cell death following red‐light irradiation but no or little cytotoxic effect after exposure to room light, raising the possibility that these dyes might prove useful for photo‐dynamic therapy of cancer.

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The protein and glycoprotein compositions of a subcutaneous lymphosarcoma (1 degree) and its metastatic deposits in the liver (2 degrees) have been investigated in Triton X-100 extracts obtained from tissue, single cells and membrane preparations. No consistent differences in the electrophoretic patterns for 1 degree and 2 degrees tissue or cells were observed for separations visualized with the protein stain Coomassie Blue. Substantial and consistent reductions in the glycoprotein content of extracts from 2 degrees tissue or cells were observed if the separated proteins were treated with the radioiodinated lectin, Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA). Densitometric scans of autoradiographs indicated that WGA binding occurred in 4 major areas; the approximate mol. wts of these were 180,000, 102,000, 84,000 and 23,000 daltons. All these components except the 23,000 component were shown to be located in the cell membrane and to be reduced in 2 degrees preparations. Possible sources of host contamination were also investigated, but these did not show WGA binding patterns that were similar to that obtained for the tumour. If 2 degrees tumour was transplanted into the 1 degree site, the resultant growth exhibited a WGA-binding pattern normally shown by a 1 degree tumour growing in this site. Conversely, if 1 degree tumour was transplanted into the liver, the WGA binding of the resultant growth was substantially reduced. The results suggest that local and metastatic tumours do contain cells that express different glycoproteins on their surfaces but that the site of tumour growth is a very important factor in determining this difference in surface expression. Images Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 4 Figure 5