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International tourism is susceptible to fluctuations and shocks. The spillovers of international inbound tourism between Australia and New Zealand have been one of the key issues for both governments and tourism authorities to address. This paper used a bivariate GARCH model to investigate the spillovers of international tourist arrivals between Australia and New Zealand from seven countries (Canada, China, Germany, Japan, Korea, United Kingdom, and United States). The monthly international tourist arrivals between 2000 and 2012 were used for the empirical analysis. The findings suggested a significant spillover of Chinese and Japanese tourists from New Zealand to Australia, whereas New Zealand’s tourism demand from China and Japan was not significantly affected by that of Australia. However, New Zealand’s inbound tourism from Canada, Germany, and United States was significantly affected by tourism demand from those countries to Australia. Furthermore, symmetric spillovers between Australia and New Zealand (in both directions) existed for UK tourists.

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Business tourism has brought significant benefits to New Zealand’s tourism industry and economy. This study aims to provide a better understanding of the impact of economic uncertainty on New Zealand’s business tourism. The panel data gravity model and the maximally correlated portfolio are used to investigate the impacts of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) indices of New Zealand and its key trading partners, along with tourism and aviation-related factors, on New Zealand’s business tourist flows from 2008 to 2015. The findings suggest that two economic factors (New Zealand’s EPU index and bilateral trade volumes) and two noneconomic factors (flying distance and total direct flight seats) are statistically significant in explaining some of the variations in business tourism flows. The results have important policy implications for New Zealand’s policymakers in understanding business visitor demands and planning their tourism strategies.