Abstract. An earthquake with a magnitude of Mw=7.5 that occurred in Sulawesi, Indonesia, on 28 September 2018 triggered
liquefaction and tsunamis that caused severe damage and many casualties.
This paper reports the results of a post-tsunami field survey conducted by a
team with members from Indonesia and Taiwan that began 13 d after the
earthquake. The main purpose of this survey was to measure the run-up of
tsunami waves and inundation and observe the damage caused by the tsunami.
Measurements were made in 18 selected sites, most in Palu Bay. The survey
results show that the run-up height and inundation distance reached 10.7 m in
Tondo and 488 m in Layana. Inundation depths of 2 to 4 m were
common at most sites and the highest was 8.4 m in Taipa. The arrival times of
the tsunami waves were quite short and different for each site, typically
about 3–8 min from the time of the main earthquake event. This study
also describes the damage to buildings and infrastructure and coastal
landslides.
Abstract. A tsunami caused by a flank collapse of the southwest part of the Anak Krakatau volcano occurred on 22 December 2018. The tsunami affected the coastal areas located at the edge of the Sunda Strait, Indonesia. To gain an understanding of the tsunami event, field surveys were conducted a month after the incident. The surveys included measurements of run-up height, inundation distance, tsunami direction, and sediment characteristics at 20 selected sites. The survey results revealed that the run-up height reached 9.2 m in Tanjungjaya and an inundation distance of 286.8 m was found at
Cagar Alam, part of Ujung Kulon National Park. The tsunami propagated
radially from Anak Krakatau and reached the coastal zone with a direction
between 25 and 350∘ from the north. Sediment samples were collected at 27 points in tsunami deposits with a sediment thickness of 1.5–12.7 cm. The average distance from the coast of the area with significant sediment deposits and the deposit limit are 45 % and 73 % of the inundation distance, respectively. Sand sheets were sporadic, highly variable, and highly influenced by topography. Grain sizes in the deposit area were finer than those at their sources. The sizes ranged from fine sand to boulders, with medium sand and coarse sand being dominant. All sediment samples had a well-sorted distribution. An assessment of the boulder movements indicates that the tsunami run-up had minimum velocities of 4.0–4.5 m s−1.
Abstract. An earthquake with a magnitude of MW = 7.5 that occurred in Sulawesi, Indonesia on September 28, 2018, triggered liquefaction and tsunamis that caused severe damage and many casualties. This paper reports the results of a post-tsunami field survey conducted by a team with members from Indonesia and Taiwan that began 13 days after the earthquake. The main purpose of this survey was to measure the runup of tsunami waves and inundation and observe the damage caused by the tsunami. Measurements were made in 18 selected sites, most in Palu Bay. The survey results show that the runup height ranged from 2 to 10 m and that the inundation distance was between 80 and 510 m. The highest runup (10.5 m) was recorded in Tondo, a complex that has many boarding houses near a university. The longest inundation distance (511 m) was found in Layana, a marketplace. The arrival times of the tsunami waves were quite short and different for each site, typically about 3–8 minutes from the time of the earthquake event. The characteristics of the damage to buildings, facilities, and structures are also summarized. Several indicators of underwater landslides are described. The survey results can be used for the calibration and validation of hydrodynamic models for tsunamis. They can also be used for regional reconstruction, mitigation, planning, and development.
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