Most tooth sites in the anterior maxilla have a thin facial bone wall. Such a thin bone wall may undergo marked dimensional diminution following tooth extraction. This fact must be considered before tooth removal and the planning of rehabilitation in the anterior segment of the dentition in the maxilla.
The stabilization of dentin collagen with biocompatible crosslinking agents may be of clinical importance to improve dentin bond strength. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of three collagen crosslinking agents on the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of undemineralized and demineralized dentin. Ten freshly extracted sound molars were sectioned into 0.5 ؋ 0.5 mm 2 thick beams. The beams were either demineralized or kept undemineralized. Then, specimens were subdivided into four groups according to treatments-PBS solution (control), 5% glutaraldehyde (GD), 0.5% proanthocyanidin PBS solution (PA), and 0.625% genipin PBS solution (GE). Specimens were kept in their respective solutions for either 4 or 40 h. To assess UTS, specimens were subjected to tensile forces at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA and Fisher's PLSD test (p < 0.05). Statistically significant increases in UTS were observed for demineralized dentin after PA and GE dentin treatment, when compared with those of the control group. Dentin treated with GD showed no statistically significant differences in UTS when compared with that the control. Undemineralized dentin revealed no significant differences as compared to that of the control, regardless of the collagen crosslinkers. The application of two naturally occurring crosslinkers, i.e., PA and GE, to dentin collagen significantly improves UTS, indicating its potential value in restorative dentistry.
The dimensions and relationships of the structures of the dentogingival unit have been greatly overlooked because of the inability to easily and precisely determine them. The purpose of the present study was to develop a soft tissue cone-beam computed tomography (ST-CBCT) to improve soft tissue image quality and allow the determination of the dimensions and relationships of the structures of the dentogingival unit. Two separate CBCT scans were obtained from three patients with different periodontal biotypes. The first was a scan following standard methods; however, for the ST-CBCT the patients wore a plastic lip retractor and retracted their tongues toward the floor of their mouths. With the first scan, only measurements of the distance of the cementoenamel junctional (CEJ) to the facial bone crest, and the width of the facial alveolar bone were possible. In contrast, ST-CBCT allowed measurements of the distance of the gingival margin to the facial bone crest, the gingival margin to the CEJ, and width of the facial gingiva. ST-CBCT scans allowed a clear visualization, measurement of the dimensions, and analysis of the relationship of the structures of the periodontium and dentogingival attachment apparatus.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEThe dimensions and relationships of the structures of the dentogingival attachment apparatus are essential aspects in many fields of dentistry and this report describes a simple, novel, and noninvasive technique to determine them. This technique may aid clinicians in the planning and execution of procedures in several dental specialties. (J Esthet Restor Dent 20: 366-374, 2008)
A new non-invasive method to consistently obtain high-quality images of the palatal masticatory mucosa is described. Measurements of this mucosa could be obtained at different locations on the palate.
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