Background: Oral cavity may be considered a pivotal focal point in physical assault or abuse because of its implication in communication and nutrition. Dentists trained in a child abuse curriculum can provide valuable information and assistance to physicians about oral and dental aspects of child abuse and neglect. The present study was conducted to evaluate the orofacial features of children between the age group of 5–16 years suspected to be victims of child abuse/neglect. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 250 children ranging between 5 and 16 years were enrolled in the study. All the participants were suspected to be victims of child abuse/neglect. The orofacial features were carefully examined by a well-trained dentist. Results: Two hundred and fifty children were enrolled in the study. Seventy-two children (30%) presented with laceration of various sites including lip (n = 13), frenum (n = 8), buccal mucosa (n = 26), palate (n = 16), and floor of the mouth (n = 9). Twenty-nine participants exhibited the features of avulsion (11.6%). Eighteen children revealed dento-alveolar fractures, 104 presented with dental caries (41.6%), 19 presented with missing teeth (7.6%), all the candidates presented with deposits (100%). Conclusion: Careful intraoral and perioral examination of the participants victimized to abuse and/neglect is necessary as the oral cavity is a central focus for physical abuse, which may be allied to its importance in communication and nutrition. Physicians and dentists should work together to increase the prevention, detection, and treatment of these conditions.
Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) describes the carcinomatous growth in the oral cavity. Recently, various authors have described increased SCC incidence in the young population. The distribution of SCC shows varied geographic spread, with the highest distribution in Asian countries. Aims: The present trial was carried out to assess the associated factors that could lead to increased risk of developing oral cancer. Materials and Methods: Oral examination was carried out for 21 participants by a dentist and any significant oral lesion or deleterious habit if present, was recorded. The data collected were analyzed. Results: Areca nut was chewed by 47.61% participants (n = 10), smoking tobacco by 76.19% (n = 16), chewing tobacco by 38.09% (n = 8), and consuming alcohol in 9 participants (42.85%). No significant difference was seen concerning age for any factor except alcohol which showed higher intake in the older group where six participants depicted alcohol intake as compared to three participants in the younger group. In participants who chewed areca nuts, 6 participants also smoked tobacco and 1 consumed alcohol. For tobacco chewing, 5 consumed alcohol and 6 also took tobacco as smoke. Conclusion: The present study showed that areca nut and tobacco chewing along with alcohol consumption and tobacco smoking increase the risk of developing SCC in the Indian population.
Background: Diabetes is seen to be associated with increased rate of failure of implants. The implant failure can be categorized as ailing, failing, and failed implants. The review of literature did not form any consensus on the effect of diabetes on the implant success rates. The reason we found was many confounding factors and nonconsideration of glycemic status of diabetic patients. Hence, in our study, we eliminated the confounding factors and took glycemic index in consideration. Materials and Methods: Forty-six participants were included in this study, out of which 26 were nondiabetic and 20 diabetic. Diabetics were further divided into two groups based on the HBA1C values, as controlled and uncontrolled diabetics. Results: We found that the uncontrolled diabetics had highest rate of implant failure as compared to other two groups. Furthermore, the controlled diabetics and nondiabetics had similar implant successes and failure rates. Conclusion: This suggests that controlled diabetics are comparable to nondiabetics in terms of implant success rates.
Background: Oral cancer is often preceded by Potentially Malignant Disorders (PMDs) and important role of biochemical markers for early diagnosis has been well documented; however, there is limited evidence of Serum lactate dehydrogenase (SLDH) as an effective biochemical marker in diagnosis of PMDs. The present meta-analysis was conducted to assess if serum LDH can be a used as standard biomarker for PMDs and consequently aid in diagnosis of oral cancer. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, EBSCO host, Cochrane databases and Google Scholar for studies evaluating estimation of SLDH in PMDs. Search strategy included all types of studies evaluating level of SLDH in patients with PMDs. PRISMA guidelines were followed for the metaanalysis. Fixed-effects model was used to assess the mean differences in SLDH levels between healthy controls and PMDs. Results: A total number of nine studies were included in meta-analysis after screening for inclusion and exclusion criteria. Potentially malignant disorder was significantly associated with increased serum LDH level compared to healthy controls (pooled SMD: 1.83 (95% CI, 1.52, 2.15) (P < 0.00001; Subgroup analysis of OSMF (Oral Submucous Fibrosis) studies showed significant association with increased serum LDH level compared to healthy controls (pooled SMD: 2.57 (95% CI, 2.16, 2.98; P < 0.00001). Sensitivity analysis for the five studies reflected a significant reduction in I 2 values to 24 % (P=0.26). Funnel plots were derived for any evidence of publication bias among the studies. Conclusion: Meta-analysis suggests that SLDH is increased in potentially malignant disorders compared to healthy controls. The results of this metanalysis should encourage use of SLDH as a biomarker in diagnosis of PMDs.
Background: Dental fear and anxiety (DFA) is considered the main reason of dental negligence which can lead to detrimental oral health as well as overall health including psychological well-being and quality of life in an individual. Aims: The present trial was aimed to assess the skill and knowledge of dentists in managing DFA in adult subjects, to evaluate the available strategies used in treating such subjects, and to find the need for further education. Materials and Methods: The present study was an original survey and questionnaire trial, which was distributed to the 82 dentists. The collected data were subjected to statistical evaluation and the results were formulated. Results: Educating and motivating subjects was found to be effective by 62.19% (n = 51) of dentists followed by successive approximation, and muscle relaxation was considered highly ineffective by one responder (1.21%). Music and reduced waiting time in the clinic appeared to be the most effective strategy as responded by 56.09% (n = 46) of dentists. Attempting treatment in various visits than a single seems to be a highly ineffective technique by 4 dentists (4.87%). Conclusion: Within its limitation, the study showed that the application of various behavior modification techniques can be effective in alleviating DFA in adult patients.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.