This paper contributes to creating an unbreakable S-Box based on strong bent function expanded by DNA sequences and investigates and analyzes the strength of the proposed S-Box against major standard criteria and benchmarks such as interpolation attack, algebraic attack, avalanche effect, nonlinearity, and period. The outcome of the tests shows that the proposed S-box has good security, as well as it is passed all the randomness tests. On average, the results had after the tests applied have been come with SAC =0.50122, NL = 112, BIC =103.40625 and an iterative period with its maximum value = 256. The complexity of the proposed S-Box is increased with the getting algebraic expression of 255 terms which implies that the algebraic attack resistance = 2 160 . Based on the proposed S-Box, a candidate image enciphering scheme is also suggested to prove the strength of the S-Box. The analysis of the experiments that applied on two modes of images, gray images and RGB ones, supports the scheme's robustness against different differential and statical using standard criteria such as correlation coefficient analysis, information entropy, histogram analysis, unified average change intensity, number of pixels change rate and many others. This enforces the capability of using it in modern-day cryptosystems that utilized in multimedia data exchange.
The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm is available in a wide scope of encryption packages and is the single straightforwardly accessible cipher insisted by the National Security Agency (NSA), The Rijndael S-box is a substitution box S-Box assumes a significant job in the AES algorithm security. The quality of S-Box relies upon the plan and mathematical developments. Our paper gives an outline of AES S-Box investigation, the paper finds that algebraic attack is the most security gap of AES S-Box, likewise give a thought regarding distinctive past research to improve the static Sconfines that has been utilized AES, to upgrade the quality of AES Performance by shocking the best S-box.
Human relationships rely on trust, which is the reason that the authentication and related digital signatures are the most complex and confusing areas of cryptography. The Massage Authentication Codes (MACs) could be built from cryptographic hash functions or block cipher modes of operations. Substitution-Box (S-Box) is the unique nonlinear operation in block ciphers, and it determines the cipher performance. The stronger S-Box, the stronger and more secure the algorithm. This paper focuses on the security considerations for MACs using block cipher modes of operations with the Hierocrypt-3 block cipher. the Hierocrypt-3 could be considered as a week cipher. It could be enhanced by changing its S-Box with a new one that has better performance against algebraic attack with using different modes of operations. The mathematical model for the new S-Boxes with its properties is provided. The result of this change appeared in the mirror of Average Strict Avalanche Criterion (SAC) and some other properties. SAC could be improved from 0.80469 to 0.16406. The Hierocrypt-3 could be enhanced for more security.
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