The objectives of the present study are to evaluate and to select the most proper header for harvesting rape-seed crop. Field experiments were conducted at Sakha Agricultural Res. Center, Kafr El-Sheikh Govermorate during the winter season of 2005 using rape-seed crop (Darakar). Experiments were carried out by using two different types of reel namely: (tine and bat reels) to determine the effect of reel speed index, seed moisture content and drum speed on combine performance (header, drum, shoe, rake losses & total losses, and total seed damage), field capacity, machine productivity, energy requirement, operating and criterion function costs were estimated.The minimum values of energy requirements reached 325.17 and 343.27 MJ/fed at drum speed of 15.36 m/s, seed moisture content of 12.63% and reel speed index of 1.57 for tine and bat reels, respectively. On the other hand, the criterion function cost showed that tine reel recorded the lowest values compared with bat reel under all conditions. The minimum values of criterion function cost was 573.20 L.E./ton which obtained at reel speed index of 1.57 and combine forward speed of 3.54 km/h.The results showed that tine reel was strongly recommended for its good performance. However, it gives the lowest values of header loss, total losses, energy requirements and criterion function cost. The optimum operating conditions are at reel speed index of 1.57, drum speed of 19.20 m/s and seed moisture content of about 15.27%.
It was tested in Rice Mechanization Center for threshing and winnowing of rice crop. It was used to chop and shred rice straw crop to maximize the performance of this machine and increasing yearly working hours, Results of the original machine showed that, it can not cut rice straw into small pieces without accumulation problems occurred in the threshing chamber especially with feeding of complete stalks sample at high moisture content. This problem causes wasting time, less productivity, and increase cost. Consequently, it is necessary to develop this machine for the young farmer to cut some crop residues as rice straw, corn stalks and cotton stalks. The machine after modification was operated at four
Continuation for unbinding of separating and cleaning seed pea problem and completion spread our investigations in 2008 at 15 Annual Conference of the Miser Society of Agricultural Engineering. The obtained results in this work had been activated and we have done the final design and fabricated in a Workshop in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate to produce the first specialized machine for separating and cleaning seed pea. Cylinder design with special specifications was used to reduce the exposure of pea seed to impact during the torsion motion. The design used traditional separating theory that helped in seed separation and accelerating the discharge of empty pods and skin from separating chamber to prevent covering and blockage of the concave sieve. After that the mixture of separating fall on oscillating sieve to separate the seed from pods skin. The machine was tested and evaluated under four drum speeds of 8.83, 10.60, 12.36 and 14.13 m/s (375, 450, 525 and 600 r.p.m), three feed rates 6.0, 9.0, 12.0 kg/min, three oscillating shaker speed of 150, 225 and 300 r.p.m (15.7, 23.55 and 31.4 rad/s) and three sieve slope angles of 15, 20, 25 moisture content of 76 % for pods. Machine productivity, separating efficiency, cleaning efficiency, seed losses, seed damage and specific energy had been determined.The results show that, specialized was suitable for separating seed peas with low drum speed 450 r.p.m (10.60 m/s) and 6.0 kg/min feed rate with oscillating shaker 225 r.p.m and sieve slop angle 20. Machine productivity, separating efficiency, cleaning efficiency, seed losses, seed damage and specific energy were 3.40 kg/min, 94.16%, 96.00%, 4.68 %, 1.46% and 11.446 kW.h/ton, respectively.
The experimental results revealed that both seed output, cleaning efficiency, seed damage, threshing efficiency and consumed power were maximum with cylinder speed of 22.25 m/s and feeding rate of 15 kg/min (8.7 kg/min, 98.99%, 23%, 97.75% and 3.23 kW, respectively). Unthreshed seed losses and length of cut straw were minimum (0.34% and 9.5 mm) under the feed rate 8 kg/min, cylinder speed of 22.25 m/s and hole diameter for concave sieve of 7 mm. The criterion function cost for modification thresher machine was 66.978 LE/Mg at the same operation condition.
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