This study had purposes of exploring the factors inhibiting the students in speaking English and knowing teachers perception toward the factors inhibiting the students in speaking English as a foreign language. It was done to overcome students problems in learning the target language ans solve students problems in learning to speak. Descriptive qualitative research was chosen as a research design in conducting this study. It also invloved students and teacher as the subjects of this study. This study proposed twelve factors inhibiting the students in speaking derived from two main factors such as affective and cognitive factor. Shyness, lack of motivation, self-confidence, self-esteem, feeling toward interlocutor, feeling toward topic, and self-concsiousness were the sub-factors under affective factor. Grammar, pronunciation, vocabulary, familiarity of the genre, and knowledge of the topic were considered as cognitive factor. The result of the study showed that the two main factors, affective and cognitive factors, appeared to inhibit the students in learning to speak English as a foreign language. All of the sub-factors categorized as affective factor had revealed to be the factors inhibiting the students in speaking. The result also found that grammar, pronunciation, and knowledge of vocabulary were the factors inhibiting the students in speaking. In addition, the students also got more influence from affective factor as the first main factor inhibiting the students in learning to speak English. The result also showed that the teacher had positively agreed that the inhibiting factors as mentioned earlier also inhibited the students in learning to speak English as a foreign language. In the end, the teacher should also consider the result of the research as the consideration in designing the activity in the process of learning to speak English as a foreign language which would help the students to overcome their speaking problems.
Language cannot be understood one at a time without considering contextual information about the current circumstances and culture. As a result, language can only be understood when individuals comprehend the circumstance and culture. This study aimed at identifying the process types that characterize the students' narrative texts. This study applied a descriptive qualitative method. The researcher collected the data from narrative texts. There were 28 students selected to be the subjects of this study. The collected data, presented in sentences and clauses, were analyzed using Halliday's transitivity system. Findings show that the process type that are dominantly used in the students' narrative texts are material, behavioral, intensive attributive, verbal, mental, and existential processes. The material process was the most common process type used because the students' subjects were connected to past figures. The findings in this study of the students' narrative texts demonstrate that the students must use the linguistic elements of a narrative text to give information. The purpose of text types in students' narrative texts is to encourage readers to imagine the words and sentence patterns used in the texts. It may help to minimize misunderstandings about the contents of the narrative text. As a result, while creating a narrative text, the students must employ the proper specific meaning, generic structure, linguistic characteristics, and language elements to stimulate readers' interest in providing necessary information while entertaining them.
AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tipedari alih kodebahasa, fungsi alih kodebahasa, dan alasan penggunaan alihkodebahasa yang digunakanoleh dosen bahasa Inggris sebagai strategi komunikasi untuk mengajar bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa asing di semester II Jurusan PendidikanBahasa Inggris di Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah dosen laki-laki. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah perekam MP3, catatan lapangan, dan panduan wawancara. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada dua jenis alih kode yang digunakan oleh guru bahasa Inggris. Mereka adalah intra-sentential alih kodebahasa (52%) dan inter sentensial alih kodebahasa (48%). Ada tujuh fungsi alihkode bahasa yang digunakan oleh dosen bahasa Inggris; fungsi klarifikasi (36%), fungsi penekanan (29%), fungsi perhatian (12%), fungsi instruksi (9%), fungsi kebutuhanbahasa (8%), fungsi regulasi (3%) dan fungsi hiburan (3% ) . Alasan penggunaan alih kode bahasa adalahuntukmembicarakan topik tertentu, menegaskansesuatu, pengulangan yang digunakan untuk klarifikasi, maksud untukmenjelaskan isi pembicaraanpadapendengar, meningkatkan motivasi dalam belajar bahasa Inggris, membantu siswa untuk menangkap informasi yang diberikan oleh pengajar, menciptakan suasana yang menyenangkan belajar, dan memberikan perintah atau instruksi AbstractThis study aimed at analyzing the types of code switching, the functions of code switching, and the reasons of using code switching by English lecturer as a communication strategy to teach English as a foreign language in the second semester of English Education Department at Ganesha University of Education.This study is a descriptive qualitative research. The subject of this study is a male lecturer. The instruments used in this study are MP3 recorder, a field note, and an interview guide. The results of this study show that there are two types of code switching used by the English lecturer. They are intra-sentential code switching (52%) and inter sentential code switching (48%). There are seven functions of code switching used by the English lecturer namely; clarification functions (36%), emphasis function (29%), attention function (12%), instruction function (9%), lexicalization function (8%), regulatory function (3%) and sociolinguistic play function (3%).The reasons of using code switching are talking about particular topic, being emphatic about something, repetition used for clarification, intention of the speech content for the interlocutor, increasing motivation in learning English, helping students to catch the information given by the lecturer, creating a fun learning atmosphere, and giving command or instruction
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